The HIV epidemic in children parallels that among women on account of perinatal transmission. A combination of antiretroviral therapy and elective caesarean section reduces the rate of vertical transmission to
ABSTRACT One disease that has ravaged the tropical environment for centuries and claimed many lives is malaria. Malaria has been with man since prehistoric times (WHO, 2004). It is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the North Dayi district of Ghana. The study relied only on existing data on morbidity for malaria from the district health directorate information unit. Data available from the Kpando D...
ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension now largely affects low and middle income countries with a higher prevalence of 46% in African adults of 25 years and above. In Ghana the prevalence of hypertension ranges between 19% and 54% which is higher than the African regional average and this has been consistent and high in the urban areas than rural mostly due to urbanization. The increase in the prevalence rates reported is mostly thought to be attributable to certain unhealthy lifestyles and...
ABSTRACT Information and communication technology (ICT) is transforming the delivery of health care at a fast rate. Nurses who form the majority of the health workforce are strategically positioned to champion the transition to digital health care. Ghana is fast adopting eHealth, however there is little evidence on how well nurses are using these technologies. A descriptive cross sectional study using a quantitative approac...
ABSTRACT Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common bacterial infections affecting people worldwide. The misuse of antibiotics used to treat UTIs has led to the development of resistance among the major uropathogens in Ghana. The local antimicrobial resistance pattern among uropathogens to help empirical decision making is not known at the Eastern Regional Hospital, Koforidua. Objective: This study examined the resistance pattern of uropathogenic bacteria over a ...
ABSTRACT The motivation to study the influences of health literacy and sexually transmitted infections emanates from the fact that there is a high rate of infection of STIs and an associated death toll globally. The study, a cross-sectional design, in the University of Ghana employed quantitative methods using a survey approach to sample views from female students from various academic levels and across the humanities and Science disciplines. The study found that female students had apprecia...
iv ABSTRACT Background: Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), the hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) is responsible for the high rate of morbidity and mortality in SCD patients with sickling of the sickle haemoglobin (HbS) being the main cause. Reduction of the cellular concentration of HbS through prevention of erythrocyte dehydration has been proposed as a possible therapeutic strategy for VOC management with the K-Cl co-transporter being a major pathway for sickle cell dehydration and subsequent...
ABSTRACT Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are a significant public health problem with a global distribution; it disparately affects the vulnerable in society particularly in developing countries. Obstructive sleep apnea and shift worker syndrome have been widely researched as a risk factor for Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs). This study seeks to assess the association between sleep habits and Road Traffic Accident Risk. Methods A mixed methods approach was used to assess this associat...
ABSTRACT Introduction Poor Occupational Health, and reduced working capacity of workers may cause economic loss to a country. In countries like Ghana with a high rate of unemployment coupled with a growing informal sector, workers focus mainly on job security, neglecting the need for quality work life. It is argued that poor countries and companies cannot afford safety and health measures. However, there is no evidence that any country or company in the long run benefits from poor saf...
Summary High Risk Pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that may have a predisposition to an unfavourable outcome, either for the mother or the child, as a result of certain factors that may increase the potential of poor outcome. Many of these risk factors have been widely studied, are well documented and as such have gained wide acceptance. The detection of risk in pregnancy is included in many national policies and maternal and child health services, particularly antenatal care. The Kas...
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are the two leading causes of death from infectious diseases globally. The World Health Organization has recommended integration of TB-HIV services in the management of the syndemic. However, scaling up of integrated TB-HIV services remain sub-optimal in Ghana, despite a nationally accepted collaborative policy. This study, therefore explored issues surr...
ABSTRACT Background: Copayment is a sum of money that a client with health insurance is mandated to pay at each visit to a health facility or when purchasing medicine although under Act 852 Of 2012 it is unacceptable .The study aimed to assess the effects of co-payment on health care at Akuse Government Hospital. The study sought to determine reasons for co-payment, effects of co-payment on health care providers and effects of co-payment on clients. Method: The study adopted a mixed m...
ABSTRACT Due to the high rate of unemployment situation in Ghana some organizations have taken for granted the health and safety issues of their employees. Much research has been conducted in the area of health and safety in the mining and the construction sectors as well as the wood processing industry in Kumasi but it seems much attention has not been paid to research into health and safety of employees in the agro processing industry especially the fruit processing sector which is an ...
In different cities and towns of Ethiopia, solid waste is a major environmental problem. Woldya town also face the challenges of solid waste management. Effective and efficient solid waste management in a town is a mandatory to ensure human and animal health and also to ensure clean and sound able environment in urban development. The aim of this study is to assess challenges and opportunities for improvement of solid waste management services in Woldya town. Interviews, questionnaires and ob...
ABSTRACT The sanitary state of an area is largely influenced by the domestic waste handling practices of the residents and the measures in place for safe waste evacuation and disposal. This study was aimed at examining the perception and knowledge towards waste handling and disposal practices, among households in Elelenwo community. A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a multistage sampling technique, where the community was divided into the three main villages in Elelenwo co...