ABSTRACT Multi-drug resistant (MDR) HIV-1 infection remains a challenge in individuals with extensive antiretroviral treatment (ART) experience, in terms of high mortality and probability of onward transmission. New therapeutic options within old drug and new drug classes are therefore essential. This study sought to determine coreceptor usage and T20 resistance associated mutations in patients failing salvage therapy from clinics around Botswana, through characterizing gp120 V3 loop and gp...
ABSTRACT While most universities in the developed world, by tradition, have research offices to handle research management, structures for the efficient coordination and strong governance of research are nascent within many Sub-Saharan African universities. In this paper we look at the organizational structures, policies and functions of research offices for supporting faculty research as well as their management operations in 5 selected Nigerian universities. The authors interviewed 20 part...
ABSTRACT This study was on aspects of the biology of Apis mellifera adansonii (1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apoidea) with emphasis on honey and beeswax production. Apis mellifera adansonii was identified and its life cycle stages were studied including the effect of the age of its queen on rate of brood production. Effects of ambient temperature, relative humidity and sugar syrup on colonies of A. mellifera adansonii in both dry and wet seasons were studied. During this study, Galleria mollone...
ABSTRACT Globally, it is estimated that 1.2 million injecting substance users are HBV infected while 1.7 million live with HIV. Africa is home to about 1.02 million injecting substance users of whom 12.7% are HBV infected while 12.1% live with HIV. In Kenya, the population of injecting substance users is approximately 50,000 most of whom reside in Nairobi and Mombasa cities. Nairobi and Mombasa cities are home to about 23,000 and 27,000 injecting substance users, respectively. The prevalence ...
ABSTRACT Forest logging is a major threat to global biodiversity (Sala et al. 2000) and a growing demand for timber means logging rates are increasing (Perry, Ram & Hart 2008). Consequently, there is a drive to develop forest timber harvesting strategies that maintain biodiversity alongside timber extraction. Attempts are, therefore, being made to integrate conservation into production forests according to ecologically sustainable forest management principles such as themaintenance of stand s...
ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis infects approximately 207 million people worldwide with 90% of the cases occurring in Africa. Kato-Katz, is the standard method of S.mansoni diagnosis, however it is characterized by low sensitivity. Another method of diagnosis is the antibody ELISA, which is highly sensitive but lacks specificity. The PCR test is 98% sensitive and 100% specific but it is costly for use in limited resource settings. The high sensitivity and specificity of the PCR makes it a useful gol...
Abstract The electronic, optical and thermal properties of hexagonal and cubic phases of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) have been calculated using density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in the QUANTUM ESPRESSO computer package. GST is successfully applied in optical memory such as rewritable CDs and is a promising candidate for non-volatile electronic memory. In optical storage, the reflectivity contrast can be optimized towards the ultraviolet spectral range, thereby increasing data storage capacit...
ABSTRACT Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is one of the most popular vegetables in the world.Tomato and its products are rich in antioxidants and vitamins C, E and carotenoids. The world consumption of tomato has increased significantly. Despite its importance, its production is below full potential due to the effect of pests and diseases such as bacterial wilt. Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most devastating, and wide-spread bacterial diseases of crops in...
ABSTRACT Plant-derived compounds could exhibit a direct and/or an indirect antimicrobial activity as antimicrobial resistance modifying compounds. Their effectiveness could further be increased when combined with other bioactive compounds or antibiotics (synergy). A systematic search for plant-derived bioactive compounds, including those which can synergistically act with other bioactive compounds or antibiotics, as resistance modifying agents represents a potential approach to overcoming mic...
ABSTRACT This paper reports on the findings of a research study that investigated on the challenges faced by teachers in the implementation of inclusive education in two of the secondary schools in Lower Gwelo Cluster. The study made use of a mixed method approach .The research methodology was underpinned by a descriptive survey .The specific constructs studied were teachers and administrators .The sample was purposely drawn from 2 schools, 24 teachers and 2 heads of schools in Lower Gwelo c...
ABSTRACT Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is one of the recent software development paradigms that enable alignment of business processes into integrated services within and outside organizations regardless of the heterogeneity of technologies used. Determining the scope, effort and cost of SOA systems is important to facilitate the planning and eventually successful implementation of software projects. A number of methods have been proposed to estimate effort of building SOA projects. Des...
ABSTRACT Organisational downsizing is a strategy employed by most limping organizations in quest for survival. The strategy can have fatal effects if not properly implemented. The study evaluated organizational downsizing and its subsequent effects to the remaining employees‟ safety and health focusing on Zimasco Kwekwe. This was driven by the premise that organizations must ensure uptight safety and health systems are in place regardless of challenges faced as this cannot be compromised. ...
ABSTRACT Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the crops being considered for the diversification of the staple diet to enhance food security in Zimbabwe in the face of climate change and economic challenges. One of the hurdles preventing adoption of sweet potato as a staple food is its short shelf-life. There has been a call to explore means of preserving sweet potato hence increasing its shelf-life and one method of preservation is processing sweet potato into flour. However, this metho...
ABSTRACT How discipline has been modeled and maintained through corporal punishment among pupils in schools is a controversial issue in the implementation of legal polices from the government. Corporal punishment remains ideal and the order of the day in any academic institution and it had remained an option in the teaching and learning profession and or endeavour. The study focused on the government policy on the implementation of corporal punishment in schools in Mutare urban. The study w...
ABSTRACT This documentation gives in detail how the designer introduced, planned, analyzed, designed and implemented the warehouse distribution management system at TMPnP (Thomas Miekles, Pick and Pay) supermarkets. The designer clearly explained the problem which the organization had that is of using the traditional system in managing their warehouse department. By using the traditional system it gave them disadvantages in recording goods and services received and also monitoring the moveme...