ABSTRACT The Root-Knot Nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita and fungus Botryodiplodia theobromae, are important pests that cause yield losses in cassava and other crops. Chemicals have been used to manage these pests but with undesirable side effects. Information on pathogenicity of M. incognita, its interaction with B. theobromae and its biocontrol in Nigeria is very little. Therefore, pathogenicity of M. incognita on cassava, its interaction with B. theobromae and management with biocontro...
ABSTRACT Fusarium verticillioides is a major fungal pathogen of maize causing rots in seed, root, stalk and ear; seedling blight and fumonisin mycotoxin contamination of grains. Use of chemicals is being discouraged due to its human and environmental health hazards. Information on eco-friendly control method against the pathogen is scanty. Therefore, the efficacies of selected botanicals and microbial agents as eco-friendly control against F. verticillioides were determined. Six Quality Prote...
ABSTRACT Macrophytes such as Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes are known bioaccumulators found in the Ologe Lagoon which receives effluents mainly from Agbara Industrial Estate. However, the mechanism of heavy metal bioaccumulation by these macrophytes has not been fully understood. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of heavy metal bioaccumulation and model the phytoremediation capabilities of the macrophytes. Five sampling stations: Owo (before the point of discharge...
ABSTRACT This work was aimed at determining the concentration of four trace metals: cobalt, copper, nickel and zinc in soil. Samples were collected from both cultivated and uncultivated farmlands in Giri. The results obtained showed that the concentrations of cobalt, copper, nickel and zinc in cultivated lands are 0. 138ppm, 0. 134ppm, 0. 126ppm and 0.224ppm respectively. And the concentrations in uncultivated lands are 0. 112ppm, 0. 126ppm, 0.262ppm and 0.224ppm for cobalt, copper, nickel an...
ABSTRACT The level of Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in fish and sediments of Rivers within the Kaduna South Jndustrial Zone were determined by flam e atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The HN03 - I-1202 digestion.... s ystem was used to digest the fish sample far trace m etals det ermination. Tire HN03 - H202 digestion method gave good recoveries which vCiries within 80-95 % for Cd, 85-97% for Co, 81-99% for Cu, 79-97% for Mn, 81-93% for Ni, 87- 98% for Pb Clnd 77 - 98% for Zn in a fish smn...
ABSTRACT The toxicities of single antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, sulfathiazole and amoxicillin and their quaternary mixtures in different ratios were examined on three organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Micrococcus luteus all isolated from Nworie River from three different points including the point of effluent discharge of a hospital. Toxicity of antibiotics and mixtures was assessed using inhibition of total dehydrogenase assay method. Result obtained from the s...
ABSTRACT Studies on toxicological and sedative effects of Datura innoxia plant parts (leaf, seed, stem, pod and root) on Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were conducted under laboratory conditions using the static bioassays and continuous aeration. The aim was to develop an effective anaesthetic from an indigenous plant material that will be available at low cost to aquaculturists and which would be non-toxic to the fish and consumers. The active ingredients and their compositions in the plant ...
ABSTRACT The word is not interested in the storm you encountered but did you bring the ship in? It's is not the time a man spends in planning, it's the faith and confidence he put in his planning that really counts. Investigation has revealed that the economic base of Nigeria base on the crude oil. Hence there is every need to take a critical look into the production pattern of this product as to ascertain the trend direction to enable us understand the progressive or regressive direction of ...
AB STRACT This research work describes a study that used measles disease data collected through Knoema health surveillance system to evaluate univariate time series method namely; autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). The data obtained from 1980 to 2016 were used as modeling data and forecasting samples, respectively. The performances were evaluated based on three metrics: mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and mean square error (MSE). A low normaliz...
ABSTRACT This research is about time series analysis and number of babies at birth in Abuja, between 2000-2017 using a monthly data. The box-Jenkin autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was estimated and the best fitted model is ARIMA 1,1,1 with Bayesian information criteria (BIC) of 7.580, R2 of 0.402 and with P-values of the perimeters of the model less than 0. 05. The model was further validated with L-Jung Box text with residual been white noise. The mode was use to obtai...
ABSTRACT In Ghana, onchocerciasis control with mass ivermectin treatment began in 1987. Despite over two decades of interventions, the disease remains persistent with reports of sub-optimal/poor parasite responses to the drug. Some treated patients are observed with higher microfilarial repopulation rates in skin than expected, an indication of sub-optimal response. Although ivermectin is still effective in reducing microfilaridermias, it is uncertain if its embryostatic effect has been comp...
ABSTRACT Ivermectin (IVM) still remains the only safe drug for the mass control of onchocerciasis, and the continued success of the control programmes depends on its efficacy. However, recent reports show that there are populations of adult Onchocerca volvulus responding suboptimally to IVM. This requires assessment of parasitological response profile of O. volvulus to IVM and genetic analysis of Beta-tubulin gene known to be associated with IVM selection, to determine the a...
ABSTRACT Differences in habitat types affect host-parasite interactions and can increase the risk of epizootic outbreaks in wild populations. It is thought that parasitism is a necessary factor in conservation biology and is important in understanding ecological parasitology and vertebrate conservation management. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of avian malaria in forest and savanna birds. A total of 132 birds of 39 species belonging to 20 families were trapped in two w...
Abstract The citrus industry is subject to a number of serious insect pests. Of these, the most important is a sedentary group known as the ..Armoured Scale Insects (Diaspididae). Ebeling (1950) states bnao they are of greater economic importance to the industry than a ll the other pests put together. A great deal has been published on various aspects o f the biology, ecology and control o f the Diaspididae, much o f the work appearing in the books of Quayle (193S), Ebeling (1950) and Bodenhe...
ABSTRACT Thonningia sanguinea is one of the herbal preparations vised prophylactieally against asthma at the Centre for Scientific Research into Plant Medicine. Preparations of this plant are used with Desmodium adseendens which has been shown to be anti-anaphylactic. The anaphylactic reaction is a basic underlying phenomenon in asthma. In this work, the effects of T. eanguinea preparations were evaluated on some aspects of the disease. The method adopted was experimental anaphylaxis in the ...