ABSTRACT This thesis determined the level of mercury and cadmium in selected biologicalspecies namely tilapia (Tilapia zillit), mudfish (Clarias slIbmargillatlls), prawns (Pellaeus //Iolladall) , crabs (Carcilllls 11laellas) and Molluscs Periwinkle (Gastropod) from the River Pra Estuary using. The samples were taken every fortnight from four sampling sites from Beposo to Shama Beach in the Western Region of Ghana for two months. That is form 10105/06 to 29106/06. During the period a total of...
ABSTRACT The seeds of cotton (Gosspyium hirsutum) fall among the lesser known oil seeds. Cottonseeds are not normally consumed in their natural state due to their gossypol content, an antinutrient. The effect of processing on the sensory characteristics and chemical composition of cottonseed and its extract was studied by subjecting the cottonseed extract to heat treatment (boiling) and the cottonseed to fermentation. The cottonseed extract was boiled using the open pot and the pressure pot f...
ABSTRACT This study assessed the serum ferritin levels in plasma samples from children (4 – 74 months old) admitted for malaria at the Adeoyo Maternity Hospital (Beere) Ibadan, Oyo State, using a sandwich-ELISA. These values were compared with malaria parasitemia, MSP-1 antibody titre and packed cell volume values previously obtained through standard methods. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS, Excel and Epi-Calc software. Results showed that the serum ferritin level in the po...
ABSTRACT This work presents the adsorption capacities of some heavy metals in clay soil and its application in medical field. Nitrate of lead solution of different concentrations were prepared (400ppm, 800ppm… 6400ppm). Each concentration of lead nitrate solutions was mixed with a known volume of clay. Slabs of regular dimensions were formed from the residue after it had gone through filtration. Each slab (dried) was irradiated with x-ray radiation at different energies; 40kev, 60kev, 80kev...
Abstract Background: Rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary for the management of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. Objective: To assess the burden of urogenital schistosomiasis and the diagnostic efficiency of morbidity indicators of the disease in an endemic rural community of Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted. Urine samples of 487 pupils were screened microscopically for S. haematobium and tested for haematuria and proteinuria using chemical reagent...
ABSTRACT Soil samples were randomly collected from 25 different observed and suspected human communal defecation locations within Ibadan. All the soil types encountered namely, sand, sandy loam, Sandy, clay loamy, and loamy sand enhanced hookworm larval propagation. The organic matter content showed a decrease with depth. The surface layer soil samples supported hookworm larval growth while the sub soil layer with the same amount of organic matter content as the surface soil layers showed a n...
Abstract Solid state fermentation of cassava peel with emphasis on protein enrichment using Trichoderma viride was evaluated. The effect of five variables: moisture content, pH, particle size (p), nitrogen source and incubation temperature; on the true protein and total sugars of cassava peel was investigated. The optimum fermentation period was established to be 8 days. Total sugars were 5-fold higher at pH 6 relative to pH 4 and 7-fold higher when cassava peels were fermented at 30oC relati...
ABSTRACT Lactose intolerance (a condition in which man elucidates an immune reaction towards the presence of lactose due to inability to produce enzyme lactase) is a major nutritional deficiency among some adult consumers of milk and other dairy products worldwide. β–galactosidase hydrolysis of milk is one of the promising enzymatic applications in dairy industries for reducing lactose intolerance of milk products. However, plant and animal sources cannot meet the high demand of the enzym...
ABSTRACT Batches of Schistosoma mansorti miracidia were irradiated with ultraviolet light for varying time intervals to determine the -influence of radiation on the transmission potential of radiated miracidia. There was a decrease in the survival rate of hatched-free swimming miracidia that corresponded with the increasing radiation exposure time. The activity rate of radiated miracidia also decrease with increasing radiation exposure time, showing a 69.3% reduction in the mean rate of move...
ABSTRACT Generation of reactive oxygen species beyond the antioxidant capacity of biological system has been reported to give rise to oxidative stress which through a series of events deregulates cellular functions, leading to oxidative damage and various pathological conditions. This study examined the effect of chloramphenicol and amoxicillin on liver microsomal enzymes Ca2+ - ATPase and Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-P) and lipid peroxidation in rats. Male Wistar strain rats weighing 120 – ...
ABSTRACT Subsurface samples of the predominantly carbonate Ewekoro Formation, obtained from Ibese core hole within the Dahomey basin were used in this study. Investigations entail petrographic, elemental composition as well as stable isotopes (carbon and oxygen) geochemistry in order to deduce the different microfacies and depositional environment. Petrographic study reveals the presence of dolomite, biomicrite, sandy biomicrite, and biosparite facies. Preserved pore types such as; intercryst...
ABSTRACT The estimation of multiple characteristics using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling scheme has introduced some complexities in sample surveys. It requires transformation of auxiliary information into probability measures and the utilization of correlation coefficient between study variables y and measure of size x. Existing estimators of finite population characteristics are rigidly specified by a fixed order of positive correlation between y and x and are assumed effic...
ABSTRACT Resin-bound-reagents made up of ionically-bound 2- naphthalene-methanol and covalently bound and sodium-benzoxazole2-sulfonate have been synthesized and utilized as analytical reagents for the pre-chromatographic derivatization of fatty acids (i.e . acetic, lauric, capric, hexanoic, octanoic, nonanoic, palmitic docosanoic linoleic), 1° and 2° aliphatic amines and amino acids respectively.
ABSTRACT Essential Oils (EOs) are volatile secondary metabolites characterised by a strong odour and widely used for pharmacological and industrial applications. There is dearth of information on chemical compositions and bioactivities of EOs of some fruit trees in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to extract and characterise the EOs from selected fruit trees, screen the EOs for bioactivity as well as to isolate and characterise non-volatile constituents from Theobroma cacao L. pod-...
ABSTRACT Climate variability is indicated as anomalies in weather parameters such as rainfall and temperature. These are being influenced by greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), amongst others. This variability is usually studied using General Circulation Models (GCMs) and empirical models obtained from analyses of data at synoptic weather stations. The GCMs give different predictions from model to model due to parameterisations of microprocesses embedded ...