Abstract: During the past 25 ka, southern Ethiopia has undergone tremendous climatic changes, from dry and relatively cold during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 25–18 ka) to the African Humid Period (AHP, 15–5 ka), and back to present-day dry conditions. As a contribution to better understand the effects of climate change on vegetation and lakes, we here present a new Predictive Vegetation Model that is linked with a Lake Balance Model and available vegetation-proxy records from southern...
Abstract: This study was conducted on the Ngaoundaba Crater Lake sediments to infer provenance, weathering conditions, organic matter accumulation, and trace metal concentrations. Ngaoundaba Lake sediments were collected using a manual core sampler at 5 to 8 m water depth. Two sediment cores from the littoral and center of the lake were analyzed for grain size distribution, water content (WC), organic matter content, mineralogy, and major and trace element concentrations. The Ngaoundaba sedi...
Abstract: The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a convergence of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT), where vehicles function as smart moving intelligent nodes or objects within the sensing network. This paper gives two contributions to the state-of-the-art for IoV technology research. First, we present a comprehensive review of the current and emerging IoV paradigms and communication models with an emphasis on deployment in smart cities. Currently, surveys from many authors hav...
Abstract: Gaet’ale (GAL) and Mud’ara (MUP) are two hypersaline ponds located in the Danakil Depression recharged by underground water from the surrounding highlands. These two ponds have different pH, salinity, and show variation in the concentration of many ionic components. Metagenomic analysis concludes that GAL is dominated by bacteria as in the case of the other hypersaline and acidic ponds in the Danakil Depression. However, Archaea dominated the ponds of MUP. In the current study,...
Abstract: We introduce a new method to compute plant distribution in Ethiopia under paleoclimatic conditions using fuzzy logic. Using a published map of the potential vegetation for Ethiopia we decipher the boundary conditions for the main vegetation units shown, reflecting modern climatic conditions for temperature and precipitation in this region. Fuzzy logic using these climatic values on a GIS platform then derived the computational map of the potential vegetation. Comparing it with the ...
Abstract: The focus of this thesis was on the comparison in breakage behavior of heterogeneous diorite rock obtained at two separate quarry locations in Botswana. There are many problems associated with inefficient size reduction of quarry stones. Generally, when the material is left over sized, it will fail in its downstream operation because during separation/ screening the product will not pass to lower screens and it will require a secondary crushing activity resulting in a waste of ener...
Abstract: There has been an outcry in commerce and industry about students who fail to perform in the accounting department due to lack of “practical accounting skills”. It is from this background that the researchers were motivated to investigate the impact of a Computerised Accounting Software Curriculum that enhances an Accounting Programme. At Botho University a degree in Bsc Hons in Accounting is offered and it is perceived that the graduates of this programme will be all rounded af...
Abstract: Smart implants continue to evolve, posing tremendous opportunities to move towards personalized and pervasive healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, the adoption of smart implants is still nascent in SSA despite their tremendous benefits and the increasing demand to provide pervasive and personalized healthcare. There- fore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of opportunities and potential challenges associated with the adoption of smart implants in SSA ...
Abstract: Many elderly people have hypertension, and health systems are faced with the challenge of responding to the needs of this population. The availability of Nutrition Management Service (NMS) in Out Patient Department (OPD) services is one of the strategies that have the potential to control these patients' blood pressure. The study sought to investigate the availability of NMS for the hypertensive outpatient elderly in Thamae Health Centre and Khubetsona Health Centre. The study was ...
Abstract: The bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae is ubiquitous in nature and is found on the general vegetation and their fruits. The subspecies “pneumonia” is known to cause community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia in immune-compromised persons (Ko et al., 2002; Yu et al., 2007; Yinnon et al., 1996 and Struve and Krogfelt, 2004). Some the vegetation and wild fruits form part of the staple diet or is consumed as delicacies in Botswana. The potential presence of K. pneumoniae therefore po...
Abstract: Coal pyrolysis and gasification are promising options for the future of Botswana as the country has large coal reserves with severe limitations in terms of export options. Coal characterization facilities will be required in order to harness its full potential and methods such as proximate, ultimate and chemical structure analysis (FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques) were investigated. The paper presents a brief history of pyrolysis and gasification, typical ...
Abstract: Understanding eastern African paleoclimate is critical for contextualizing early human evolution, adaptation, and dispersal, yet Pleistocene climate of this region and its governing mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the lack of long, orbitally-resolved, terrestrial paleoclimate records. Here we present leaf wax hydrogen isotope records of rainfall from paleolake sediment cores from key time windows that resolve long-term trends, variations, and high-latitude effects on tro...
Abstract: The cloud computing offers dynamically scalable resources provided as a service over the Internet. It promises the drop in capital expenditure. But practically speaking if this is to become reality there are still some challenges which is to be still addressed. Amongst, the main issues are related to security and trust, since the user's data has to be released to the Cloud and thus leaves the secured area of the data owner. The users must trust the providers. There must be a str...
Abstract: In recent days possible attacks on the networks has been increased and causing huge financial loss for the various organization due to lack of proper security standards. Modern networks have several services and zones like Voice, Data, ISP networks, Access control, surveillance, DMZ zones and hosting websites etc. Proper planning and access control within each zone are important to avoid network compromise. This research details on how the network can be security standards can...
Abstract: Over the past thirty years, “Network Cyber Attacks” has been an increasing problem in the cyber world affecting organizations and individuals – everyone in one way or the other has been exploited. Ethical hacking and network security can be used to prevent network cyber-attacks in organizations irrespective of their size. Research has proven that cyber-attacks comes as a result of network attacks that are done unauthorized without the system administrators or users of th...