Microbiology Research Papers/Topics

Antimicrobial Resistant Escherichia Coli Genes In Children Aged Below Five Years Presenting With Diarrhoea At Thika Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of illness and death among children in developing countries, where an estimated 1.3 billion episodes and 4 to 10 million deaths occur each year in children less than 5 years of age. The study envisioned to determine the genetic basis of extended spectrum β-lactam (ESBL) resistance in E. coli isolated from children aged below 5 years attending Thika Level 5 Hospital Kiambu County in Kenya. Faecal samples were obtained from 384 children present...

Antimicrobial Activity And Qualitative Phytochemical Composition Of Crude Extracts From Medicinal Plants Against Selected Enteric Bacterial Pathogens And Candida Albicans

ABSTRACT Plant extracts with medicinal value have been used to treat many diseases that can either be bacterial, fungal or parasitic among many others. Plants with medicinal value produce certain chemical elements known as phytochemicals that have antimicrobial activity. Enteric bacterial pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms that are usually located in the intestinal tracts of either animal or human beings. The pathogenic members are usually associated with infections that are charact...

Profiles Of Bacterial Communities Mediating Production Of Tsetse Attractive Phenols In Urine Of Selected Mammals

ABSTRACT Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT) is a major constraint to livestock health and production. The disease has for years continued to contribute towards economic and developmental setback in the sub-Saharan Africa. Tsestse flies belonging to Glossina species are the main vectors for transmission. They are attracted to livestock and wildlife hosts where they feed on blood meal contaminated by trypanosomes, the disease causing parasites. Host ageing urine has been shown to be the sourc...

Effect Of Trichoderma Harzianum And Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi On Growth Of Tea Cuttings, Napier Grass And Disease Management In Tomato Seedlings

ABSTRACT A green house study was conducted to investigate the ability of an isolate of Trichoderma harzianum (P52) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing growth in tea cuttings, tomato seedlings and napier grass cuttings. Trichoderma harzianum is a saprophytic fungus that enhances plant growth through solubilization of nutrients and is antagonistic to many soil pathogens. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi forms symbiotic associations with plant roots promoting phosphorous absorption a...

Effect Of Soil Amendment With Manure On Nodulation, Biomass And Yield Of Soybeans And Climbing Beans In Meru County, Kenya

ABSTRACT The consequence of intense permanent cultivation of land has been severe loss of soil nutrients through removal of harvested produce, removal of crop residue, leaching and gaseous losses. Experiments were designed to investigate the effect of soil amendment with cow manure, chicken manure and fertilizer on nodulation and nitrogen fixation in climbing beans (MAC 64) and soybeans (Gazelle). Isolation and characterization of isolates together with greenhouse experiments were carried out...

Antibiogram, Metal Tolerance And Plasmid Profiles Of Pathogens Isolated From Wastewaters And Sludge Of Abattoirs In Nairobi, Kenya

ABSTRACT Because of the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria, infectious diseases are becoming more difficult and expensive to treat. In Kenya, high levels of flouroquinone resistance of a bacterium, Neisseria gonorrhea have been widely reported. Antimicrobial resistance may be coded on plasmids, mutational events or on transposons. A growing body of evidence indicates that metal tolerance and antibiotic resistance are often found together in many clinical isolates and that ...

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Of Bacterial Uropathogens Isolated From Patients In Nakuru Level 5 Hospital, Kenya

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTI) are bacterial infections encountered in the hospital and community and is preventable. It is among bacterial infection encountered with increasing antibiotic resistance to uropathogens, although there is availability of antibiotics. Despite the wide spread of antibiotics, it remains the common bacterial infections. Antibiotic susceptibility testing therefore provides information that allows clinicians to select the most appropriate antimicrobial drugs. ...

Post-Harvest Fungi Diversity And Level Of Aflatoxin Contamination In Stored Maize: Cases Of Kitui, Nakuru And Trans-Nzoia Counties In Kenya

ABSTRACT Aflatoxin contamination of maize in Africa poses a major threat to food security and the health of many African people. In Kenya, aflatoxin contamination of maize is high due to the environmental, agricultural and socio-economic factors. Many studies have been conducted to understand the scope of the problem especially at pre-harvest level, but few of them have been concentrated to the post-harvest level. This research was carried out to gather scientific information on the fungi pop...

Food Handlers Perception On Food Safety, Occurrence And Characterization Of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Foods Of Animal Origin In Nairobi, Kenya

ABSTRACT Diarrheal diseases are the commonest manifestation of food poisoning, which are fatal. Knowledge, attitude and practice of food handlers influence the occurrence of food poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus is considered the third most important cause of food-borne diseases in the world after Salmonella species and C. perfringens. Antimicrobial resistance and enterotoxigenic properties of S. aureus in food of animal origin in many parts of Kenya are scanty. The aim of the study was to in...

Prevalence And Susceptibility Profiles Of Bacterial Pathogens Associated With Urinary Tract Infections In Children Presenting At Kisii Level 5 Hospital, Kisii County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Urinary Tract infection (UTI) is a serious infection causing illness in infants and children. It represents one of the most common diseases encountered in medical practice today. Despite the widespread availability of antibiotics, it remains the most common bacterial infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing therefore provides information that allows physicians to select the most appropriate antimicrobial agents for treating these infections and give the most effective antibiot...

Pneumococcal Carriage Among HIV Positive Children At The Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

ABSTRACT Background: The pneumococcus is carried as a normal flora of the upper respiratory tract and carriage is the precursor for development of pneumococcal disease, and is also responsible for pneumococcal transmission from person-to-person. HIV positive children have about forty times greater risk of invasive pneumococcal disease compared to healthy children. In Africa, little is known about the pneumococcus in relation to people with HIV infection. Aim: The aim of the study was to inv...

Transmission Of Hepatitis B Virus Among Prison Inmates In Ghana

ABSTRACT Background: Data on the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) within correctional facilities is limited in Ghana, even though the prevalence suggests intra-prison transmission. Aim: This study determined the level of transmissibility, new infections, and intraprison transmission of HBV among inmates in Ghana Methodology: Immunoglobulin M antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgM) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were determined for 323 archived plasma samples obtaine...

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Of Acacia Nilotica (Algarad) Methanolic And Aqueous Extracts Against Wound Pathogens

Aimed to this study was to study the antibacterial activity of the different concentrations of methanolic and aqueous extract of the medicinal plants A.nilotica sub spp nilotica and sub spp adansonii pods using agar dilution method. Hundred wound swabs were collected from patients with infected wounds who attended to Soba Teaching Hospital and Alban Gadeed Teaching Hospital during period from March to October 2015. From this study it was found that wound infection had high frequency in patien...

Evaluation Of Plasma Interleukin-10 Levels Among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Attending Total Lab Care Laboratories In Khartoum State.

ABSTRACT One of the most important factors playing role in chronic hepatitis B pathogenesis is cytokine release and one of the cytokines with antiinflammatory characteristic is interleukin-10 (IL-10). The aim of the present study was to estimate IL-10 levels and to evaluate the utility of using it as biomarker for monitoring the progression and treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. Sixty patients with chronic hepatitis B disease confirmed by persistence expression of HBsAg for more tha...

Aerobic Bacteria Isolated From The Lesions Of The Internal Organs Camels At Tambool Slaughterhouse

Abstract This cross-sectional study was conducted for six months, from January to June 2013, to estimate the prevalence of internal lesions in slaughtered camels at Tambool slaughterhouse, to isolate and identify the aerobic bacteria colonizing these lesions and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of these isolates. A total of 280 camels . Samples were taken investigated from carcasses internal lesions at different organs for bacteriological investigation. Internal lesions ...


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