ABSTRACT Background: Cholera has been endemic in Ghana, since it was first detected in 1970. Outbreaks have often started in slums of the city especially Accra. In spite of the overwhelming nature of cholera outbreak that has resulted in high mortality and morbidity, there is little information on the reservoir of the causative agent. It has however, been shown that long-term survival of the bacteria may be attained in watery environments or in humans with no signs of cholera. Consequently, ...
Introduction Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases (Talen) Engineering Talen Constructs Transfection Mechanisms of Talen Applications of Talen Limitations of Talen Talen Precision Recommendations Conclusions Reference
Abstract The world's first artificial brain is known as the "Blue Brain." A virtual machine is a computer that can perform the functions of a nervous system with Artificial Intelligence. Reverse engineering is a popular method of simulating the human mind on a molecular basis. Therapy of cognitive impairment, academic interest in awareness and the human healthcare condition, a lower part method to creating thinking machines, and archives of all neuroscience research findings and associated pr...
ABSTRACT The poultry industry, especially chicken production has in recent times faced a major setback due to devastating effects of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactases (ESBL) producing organisms.This research aimed at investigating the diversity of ESBL genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) among scavenging local chickens. A total of 400 cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained, out of which 192 Escherichia coli were isolated. By use of virulence factor profiling, these 192 samp...
ABSTRACT Aromatic rice is highly cherished in many countries of the world and commands premium prices at all levels of the global rice trade. The presence of aroma in aromatic rice is controlled by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2.1 (BADH2.1) gene allele which results from an eight base pair deletion and three single nucleotide polymorphisims (SNPs) in exon seven of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) gene. This mutation is responsible for the introduction of premature stop codon which ...
ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic infectious disease that affects humans and animals worldwide as it causes febrile illness in humans. The disease has been reported in a number of human-livestock-wildlife interfaces of Northern and Eastern Tanzania. Very little is known of many zoonotic disease conditions in the research naive areas of Western and Southern Tanzania. This study aimed at detecting the prevalence of Leptospira species among agro-pastoralists at the human-animal int...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT There is high degree of rice diversity in Tanzania. Increased human population pressure and activities has caused the population of wild rice to disappear at alarming rate. NPGRC collected over 125 accessions of rice landraces and 7 wild relatives for conservation and sustainable utilization in improvement programs, but no morphological or genetic diversity study that have been done to support any future collections. An investigation was conducted to determine the extent o...
ABSTRACT Ixodid ticks respond to a limited spectrum of stimuli in their search for hospitable environments, hosts and mates hence change in their behavior. This responsiveness is mediated by pheromones which are signaled by biochemical changes that occur during different stages of feeding. Genes induced during blood feeding result in the expression of new proteins secreted into tick foveal gland. Some of these proteins may be involved in the biosynthesis of these pheromones. Assembly behavior...
ABSTRACT The knowledge and comprehension of the genetic variation of maize (Zea mays L.) landraces is pivotal for the implementation of measures to address conservation and improvement. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and relationship among selected maize genotypes in Republic of Tanzania by screening twenty Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA molecular markers.DNA was extracted from 160 maize genotypes and PCR was conducted using twelve informative primers. Ampli...
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of Arenaviruses from rodents, shrews and elephant shrews captured in selected wildlife-human interfaces in Tanzania. The study involved six sites with high potential for contact between wildlife and humans namely; Ruaha, Kilombero, Mtwara, Mbeya, Mbinga and Mikumi. A total of 121 animals comprising 111 rodents, 3 shrews and 7 elephant shrews were screened for Arenaviruses using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)....
ABSTRACT Speed is paramount in the diagnosis of highly infectious Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Recent developments in molecular biology have enabled specific detection of FMD virus by real-time RT-qPCR and sequencing in endemic settings in Africa. In this study, a laboratory-based experimental design was used to standardize real-time RT-qPCR assay for detection and typing of FMDV in selected regions of Tanzania. The optimized conditions for both pan-serotypic and serotype-specific real-time ...
ABSTRACT Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral vesicular disease of cloven hoofed animals and poses major constraints to international trade in livestock production. Methods available for detection of FMD virus (FMDV) require specialized laboratory facilities and equipment. In this study, targeted laboratorybased experiments studies were conducted using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for detection and serotyping of FMDV under field ...
ABSTRACT Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have the ability to cause superficial skin infections and occasionally causes invasive and serious diseases. This study was performed in a cross sectional design to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization of MRSA in raw bovine milk in the Morogoro Municipality. Raw milk samples (117) were collected from 18 administrative wards and cultured on Baird-Parker agar to isolate S. aureus. Presumptive colonies were analyzed ...
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of Arenaviruses from rodents, shrews and elephant shrews captured in selected wildlife-human interfaces in Tanzania. The study involved six sites with high potential for contact between wildlife and humans namely; Ruaha, Kilombero, Mtwara, Mbeya, Mbinga and Mikumi. A total of 121 animals comprising 111 rodents, 3 shrews and 7 elephant shrews were screened for Arenaviruses using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). T...
ABSTRACT Hepatitis B represents a major global health problem. Despite the high endemicity of hepatitis B in Sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the epidemiology and genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Africa. The few published studies that describe the genetic characteristics of HBV in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) involved a very small adult population size. In the present study, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HBV infection were studied among voluntary b...