Abstract/Overview This study examined whether parents’ social information processing was related to their subsequent reports of their harsh discipline. Interviews were conducted with mothers (n = 1,277) and fathers (n = 1,030) of children in 1,297 families in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States), initially when children were 7 to 9 years old and again 1 year later. Structural equation models showed that parents’ ...
Abstract/Overview This study advances understanding of predictors of child abuse and neglect at multiple levels of influence. Mothers, fathers, and children (N = 1,432 families, M age of children = 8.29 years) were interviewed annually in three waves in 13 cultural groups in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States). Multilevel models were estimated to examine predictors of (a) within-family differences across the three time ...
Abstract/Overview According to the dual systems model of adolescent risk taking, sensation seeking and impulse control follow different developmental trajectories across adolescence and are governed by two different brain systems. The authors tested whether different underlying processes also drive age differences in reward approach and cost avoidance. Using a modified Iowa Gambling Task in a multinational, cross-sectional sample of 3,234 adolescents (ages 9–17; M= 12.87, SD= 2.36), pubert...
Abstract The main objective of the study was to establish whether the banks in Kenya were involved in financial statement manipulations. The study involved all the banks registered and operating in Kenya and whose financial statements are published for public consumption. Beneish five-variable model was first used to categorize the banks as likely non-manipulators and likely manipulators. The probit regression model was used to determine non-manipulators and manipulators based on the average...
Abstract/Overview Children, mothers, and fathers in 12 ethnic and regional groups in nine countries (N = 1,338 families) were interviewed annually for 8 years (Mage child = 8–16 years) to model four domains of parenting as a function of child age, puberty, or both. Latent growth curve models revealed that for boys and girls, parents decrease their warmth, behavioral control, rules/limit‐setting, and knowledge solicitation in conjunction with children’s age and pubertal status as childr...
Abstract/Overview During the Later Iron Age period in Kenya, communities that built structures known in the local language as ohingni (singular - ohinga)' occupied the Lake Victoria region in south-western Kenya. The term refers to both stone-built and earth-built settlement enclosures widely distributed in the Nyanza region, that were abandoned before and during the colonial period. Their distribution and contents, in terms of archaeological remains and use of space, indicate that they w...
Abstract Girls’ retention in schools has been found to be a major challenge. Failure to retain girlsin secondary schools can be considered as a waste of potential human resources andmoney spend on them in primary education and time lost in sending them to schoolin the first place. These girls may become a breed of illiterate women who are lessproductive economically, socially and politically. Among the critical contemporary socialissues affecting many countries is teenage pregnancies. This...
Abstract: Control charts are considered as powerful tools in detecting any shift in a process. Usually, the Shewhart control chart is used when data follows the symmetrical property of a normal distribution. In practice, the data from the industry may follow a non-symmetrical distribution or an unknown distribution. The average run length (ARL) is a significant measure to assess the performance of the control chart. The ARL may mislead when the statistic is computed from an asymmetric distri...
Abstract . Introduction In this research life time distribution known as exponentiated inverse Rayleigh distribution (EIRD) was developed and it can be used in reliability estimation and statistical quality control techniques. Te Rayleigh distribution is originated from two parameter Weibull distribution and it is appropriate model for life-testing studies. It can be shown by transformation of random variable that if the random variable (r. v) T has Rayleigh distribution, then the r. v. � =...
Abstract In this manuscript, a control chart is designed for two-piece normal distribution using repetitive sampling. The necessary measures to determine the average run lengths for in control and out-of-control process are given. The average run lengths are presented for various specified parameters and shift constants. The efficiency of the proposed chart is compared with the existing control chart using single sampling. The application of the proposed chart is given with the help of an ex...
Abstract Evaluation of customer satisfaction differs from one study to another. Studies have been differing with their focus and coverage. Most of studies focused on evaluating factors influencing customer satisfaction or associate customer satisfaction and quality of services. This paper used logistic regression to develop customer satisfaction model for Precision Air. Five dimensions or variables have been considered: on time performance; aircraft safety; schedule integrity; on board servi...
ABSTRACT In this manuscript, a group acceptance sampling plan (GASP) is developed when the lifetime of the items follows odd generalized exponential log-logistic distribution (OGELLD), the multiple number of items as a group can be tested simultaneously in a tester. The design parameters such as the minimum group size and the acceptance number are derived when the consumer’s risk and the test termination time are specified. The operating characteristic (OC) function values are calculated (...
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important public health problems in Tanzania and was declared as a national public health emergency in 2006. Community and individual knowledge and perceptions are critical factors in the control of the disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the knowledge and perception on the transmission of TB in Tanzania. Multinomial Logistic Regression analysis was considered in order to quantify the impact of knowledge and perception on TB. The ...
Abstract: In this paper, acceptance sampling plans are developed for the odds exponential log logistic distribution (OELLD) introduced by Rosaiah et al. [1] based on lifetime percentiles when the life test is truncated at a predetermined time. The minimum sample size necessary to ensure the specified lifetime percentile is obtained under a given customer’s risk. The operating characteristic values of the sampling plans as well as the producer’s risk are presented. One example with real d...
Abstract A multicomponent system of k components with independent and identically distributed random strengths X1, X2, . . . Xk , with each component undergoing random stress, is in working condition if and only if at least s out of k strengths exceed the subjected stress. Reliability is measured while strength and stress are obtained through a process following an exponentiated moment-based exponential distribution with different shape parameters. Reliability is gauged from the samples usin...