Introduction/Overview This paper is a review of innovation in the ICT entrepreneurship/mobile internet/mobile related applications space. The paper aims to identify best practice in stimulating innovation in developing countries. Definitions of Innovation We use the standard definitions provided by the UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS 2011) of both product innovation and process innovation: Product innovation: “the introduction of a good or service that is new or significantly improved w...
ABSTRACT Man is a social as well as psychological being. He strives to interact with others while depending on them and they on him.
ABSTRACT Traditional approaches for understanding environmental governance — such as environmental policy analysis or natural resources management — do not adequately address the gamut of human–natural system interactions within the context of the complex biogeophysical cycles and processes of the planet. This is perhaps more so in the African regional context where the complex relationships between modern and traditional governance systems and global change dynamics are arguably more p...
ABSTRACT This study empirically examines the relationship between stock market performance and economic growth in Ghana using quarterly time series data from 1991 to 2012 for four stock market performance indicators, namely; stock market capitalization ratio, stock market turnover ratio, total value traded ratio and the Ghana Stock Exchange market index with three other control variables. The study employed the Johansen and Juselius (1990) multivariate cointegration technique and vector erro...
ABSTRACT As at 2008, the much awaited oil find in Ghana had been realized, and as a natural phenomenon much attention had been shifted to the industrial sector specifically the mining segment. Till date many are attracted to the industrial sector specifically the mining segment due to its acclaimed high returns and much FDI inflow. The Ghana Statistical Service 2010 report showed that Ghana had increased its income by 60% to over US$44 billion coupled with a growth rate of 14%. However, these...
ABSTRACT The competition to attract greenfield foreign direct investment (FDI) among countries, due to its benefits, has taken the form of a reduction in the corporate tax rate globally over the decade. Aiming to determine the tax effect in attracting new investment into a country, the study focused on three objectives: the trend of corporate income tax and greenfield FDI, the effect of corporate tax rate on greenfield investment and the determinants of greenfield investment. In estimating t...
The relations between state and society under authoritarian rule in Africa has been described as a case of states without citizens (Ayoade 1988). The consolidation of single parties, president-for- life, extensive security establishments, widespread inequalities, and personal rule has involved the denial of the peoples' right to participate in the decision-making process and sometimes the suspension of the constitution which defined those rights. Governance has often been reduced to the pra...
ABSTRACT The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has pursued among other goals, low and stable domestic price level and output growth using various monetary policy instruments. Despite these efforts, output growth rate averaged 1.32% between 1980 and 1989 and 2.87% between 1990 and 1999. Also, the monetary authority’s inflation rate target of 5.00% in 1992 and 31.00% in 1995 escalated to 44.59% and 72.81% respectively. There has been limited attempt to investigate the channels through which mone...
ABSTRACT Nigeria‘s dependence on food and refined oil importations makes households vulnerable to price shocks of these commodities. While there is a growing body of empirical literature on the consequence of international commodity price shocks, there is little attempt to investigate their effects on households. This study, therefore, examined the effects of international price shocks to food and refined oil on household income and consumption in Nigeria. A recursive-dynamic computable ge...
ABSTRACT The study investigated the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth in Liberia. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach to cointegration was used with annual data from IMF Statistics 2009 CD ROM, WDI. Capital was disaggregated into foreign direct investment and domestic private investment for a more comparative analysis of their impacts on economic growth. Economic growth was measured by real GDP, Foreign Direct investment (FDI) was measured by Net FDI...
ABSTRACT Repeat borrowing is essential for long term financial sustainability of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs). This long term financial sustainability is threatened by high client exit, that is, premature termination of the borrowing relationship. In view of the above, the purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons for clients exit and to determine the factors that influence the length of the MFI-client borrowing relationship. A duration model (semiparametric model) is used to em...
ABSTRACT Healthcare seeking behaviour among household members often depends on the decision-making structure and headship of the household. In Nigeria, the male is assumed to be de-facto head who takes daily socio-economic household decisions that relate to financial allocations. The implication of this is a possible gender bias in the decision-making and outcomes. While gender bias has been examined within households in Nigeria generally, its incidence and influence on healthcare needs, uti...
Abstract The use of arbitration in commercial transactions is a vital and important aspect of every commercial agreement. This is due to the advantages of arbitration over the regular court adjudicatory process. The problem is no matter how good and impeccable the arbitral process is the law still requires that arbitral award be recognized for enforcement by the court. This paper assessed the procedure for the enforcement of arbitral domestic awards in Nigerian High Courts, examined the diff...
ABSTRACT Domestic welfare responsibilities in male-headed households are in some cases shifted to women. The need to make crucial economic decisions due to adverse adjustments in the formal sector of the economy is a plausible factor. This has been found to decrease women's economic earnings. The bid to cope with household management and survival has forced women into the informal sector of the economy. This has reshaped women's work and it has also accentuated gender inequalities. The aim o...
ABSTRACT Exchange rate basically influences a currency value of an economy. As such it plays a critical role in international trade as well as economic growth and development for every economy. The study sought to investigate the impact of earnings of cocoa and non-traditional exports on real exchange rate in Ghana. Using a disaggregated data for exports, annual time series data were interpolated into quarterly series over the sample period 1990Q1 to 2011Q4. Johansen cointegration test and ...