Post Election Conflict And Pupils' Academic Performance From Selected Primary Schools In Gatanga Division In Tidka District In Kenya

ABSTRACT

The study was guided by one general objective which was to identify effects of Post Election Conflicts on academic performance of pupils in Kenya,

To identify effects of Post Election Conflicts on academic performance of pupils in Kenya, Thika district. Three specific objectives were drawn from which three research questions

were derived to guide the study.

(i) To examine how the Post Election Conflicts have affected pupils' academic performance in standard schools.

(ii) To identify other factors that have affected pupil's academic performance in standard schools.

(iii) To identify the attention given to these children by different stakeholders such as the government, international organizations, NGOs, CBOs, FBOs to curb the interference on the pupils academic performance.

The study covered 100 pupils both males and females drawn from both standard seven and eight, Gatanga division standard school. Indeed the post election conflict in the region has

had a negative effect on pupil's academic performance. Because of war experiences, many pupils still maintain the violent memories which cannot allow them to concentrate and pay

attention to their learning. Many children have lost their parents and close relatives hence, they lack close social support which affects their academic performance. Other pupils

reported that some of their parents have died also of AIDS which has worsened the situation. Under such circumstances academic performance of children is undermined. Because of the

magnitude of all the above psychosocial problems, some pupils engage in maladjusted behaviours therefore comprising their education expectations and performance.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................ i

APPROVAL .............................................................................................................................. ii

DEDICATION ......................................................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... v

LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... viii

CHAPTER ONE ....................................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... I

1.0 Background of the study ...................................................................................................... 1

I.I Statement of the problem ..................................................................................................... 2

1.2 Objectives of the study ......................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1 General objective .............................................................................................................. 3

1.2 2 Specific objectives ............................................................................................................ 3

1.3 Research questions ............................................................................................................... 3

1.4 Significance ofthe study ...................................................................................................... 4

1.5 Scope of the study ................................................................................................................ 4

CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................... 6

LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................................... 6

2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 6

2.1 History of internal Post Election Conflicts in Kenya ........................................................... 6

2.1.1 The Political Violence and its effects on the general population and children in

particular ......................................................................................................... 7

2.1.2 The experience of children in the war zone, Kenya ......................................................... 7

2.1.3 The effects of conflicts and violence on children ............................................................. 8

2.2 Other factors that have affected pupils' academic performance standard schools ........... 1 0

2.2.1 HIV/ AIDS epidemic and its challenges ........................................................................ 10

2.3 Attention extended to the children by different stakeholders in Standard Schools ......... 10

CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................... 13

METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 13

3 .0 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 13

3.1 Research design ............................................................................................................. 13

3 .2 Area and study population ................................................................................................. 13

3.3 Sample framework ............................................................................................................. 13

3.3.1 Sample size ....................................................................................................... 13

3.3.2 Sampling technique ......................................................................................................... 14

3.3.3 Sampling procedure ........................................................................................................ 14

3.4 Methods of data collection ................................................................................................. 14

3.4.1 Questionnaires ............................................................................................................... 14

3.4.2 Interviews ....................................................................................................... 15

3.4.3 Observation ......................................................................................................... 15

3.4.4 Documentary analysis ................................................................................................... 15

3 .5 Data processing ................................................................................................... 15

3.5.1 Editing ......................................................................................................... 15

3.5.2 Coding ......................................................................................................... 15

3 .5 .3 Tabulation ......................................................................................................... 15

3 .5 .4 Summarizing of data ....................................................................................................... 16

3 .6 Data analysis ......................................................................................................... 16

3. 7 Ethical considerations ........................................................................................................ l 6

3.8 Limitations of the study ..................................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER FOUR .............................................................................................. 17

RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS AND PRESENTATIONS .......................................................... 17

4.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 17

4.1 Background information of respondents ............................................................................ 17

4.2 Effects of Post Election Conflicts on the pupils academic performance ........................... 20

4.3. Other Factors That Affect Academic Performance of Pupils ........................................... 24

4.4 Attention Extended to the Pupils to Improve their Academic Performance by the

Government and International Organizations, Ngos, Cbos, Fbos and Individuals .................. 25

CHAPTER FIVE .................................................................................................. 28

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................ 28

5.0 Introduction .............................................................................................. 28

5.1 Summary of the study .......................................................................................... 28

5.2 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 28

5.3 Recommendations ....................................................................................... 29

REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 30

APPENDIX I: Questionnaire For Pupils Of Gatanga Division Standard Schoo·································································32