Socio-Economic Variables and Students Educational Attainments in Selected Secondary Schools in Kashongi Subcounty Kiruhura District

Table of Contents

DECLARATION

APPROVAL

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv

ACRONYMS

LISTOFTABLES

LIST OF FIGURES x

ABSTRACT xi

CHAPTER ONE 1

INTRODUCTION 1

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1

1.1.1 Theoretical framework 2

1.2 Statement of the problem 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study 3

1.3.1. Specific objectives 3

1.4 Research questions 3

1.5 Scope of the Study 3

1.6 Significance of the study 4

CHAPTER TWO 5

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction 5

2.1 Prevalence of children living under low and difficult economic social status in Kiruhura

district 6

2.2 Kinds and effects of difficult socio-economic status facing learners in Kiruhura district. 7

2.2.1 Traumatized children 7

2.2.2 Abused and neglected children 7

2.2.3 Child labor! working children 8

2.2.4 Orphaned children 8

2.2.5 Children affected and/or infected by HIV/AIDS 9

2.2.6 Children from deprived or Rich families 9

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2.3 Factors leading to low! difficult living status conditions 9

2.3.1 Economic Factors

2.3.2 Cultural factors 11

2.3.3 Natural Calamity 11

2.3.4 Political instability (insecurity) 12

CHAPTER THREE 13

RESEARCH METHOLOGY 13

3.0 Introduction 13

3.1 Research approach 13

3.2 Research design 13

3.3 Target population 13

3.4 Sample 13

3.4.1 Sampling procedure 13

3.5 Research Instruments/Tools 14

3.6 Reliability and validity of instruments 14

3.7 Data collection techniques/procedure 14

3.8 Data Analysis 14

3.9Sourcesdata 14

3.9.1 Primary Data 14

3.9.2 Secondary data 14

3.10 Ethical considerations 15

3.11 Limitations 15

CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 16

4.0 Introduction 16

4.1 Profile of the respondents 16

4.2 The findings on the prevalence of students living under difficult circumstances 19

4.3 The findings on the nature of difficult circumstances and their effects on the education

of learners 21

4.4 The findings on the factors leading to difficult conditions 21

4.5 The findings on how to determine and evaluate management measures for students

living under difficult circumstances. Conditioning yourself to your workspace; 23

CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 25

5.0 Introduction 25

5.1 Discussion 25

vii

5.2 Summary .26

5.3 Conclusion 26

5.4 Recommendations 27

5.5 Suggestions for further studies 27

REFERENCES 29

APPENDICES 30

APPENDIX II A: 31

APPENDIX II B~ 34

APPENDIX III 36

APPENDIX IV 37