War Crime And House Hold Income In Ogur Sub County, Erute North, Lira District

ABSTRACT This research is about War Crimes and house hold income in Ogur Sub County. This area was gripped in what it was set to be until recently when a peace agreement has been negotiated between the government of Uganda and the LRA rebels. the Uganda government has been on many occasions inherently unjust, repressive and extremely violent against certain section of its citizens particularly those in Northern Uganda. This explains why a section of people took arms against it. There were diverse root causes of the conflict, which stretched deep into history of the country. This paper therefore sets out to investigate people's views to find out the War Crimes and house hold income on the people ofOgur Sub County in Lira district. Field research was canied out using interviews and questionnaires among the former combatants, Indigenous people, local councilors and district administrative officers. Women and men from the whole Sub-county between the ages of 15 and 85 were used in the research. The tabulated and analyzed results showed people had a ve1y negative attitude towards War Crimes and its effect on house hold income and therefore readily supported :·econciliation and peace agreement which was finally begun in 2002 between the 5overnment of republic of Uganda and the dominant rebel group of LRA in northern Jganda. :his peace agreement was considered valuable and genuine because it will address the oot causes, War crimes on the people of Ogur Sub County and it is expected to have ational and regional guarantee that if it could fully be implemented it would give rospect of lasting peace in the area. The findings acknowledged that the government has big challenge of limited resources a head to achieve sustainable development in )rthern Uganda because of serious War Crimes that were committed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ................................................................................. .i

APPROVAL ....................................................................................... .ii

DEDICATION .................................................................................... iii

ACKNOLEDGEMENTS .................. ................................................... .iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................... v

LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................. .ix

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS .......................................... ......... x

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS ................................................................. xi

LIST OF ABRBREVIATIONS ................... ......................................... xii

ABSTRACT ..................................................................................... .xv

CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................. I

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... I 1.0

Background ....................................................................................... I I .I

Statement of the problem .................................................................. 2

1.2 Research objectives ...................................................................... .3

1.2.1 General Objective ......................................................... ........... .3

1.2.2 Specific objectives....................... .3

1.2.3 research questions..................................................................... .3

1.3 Scope of the study ........................................................................ .4

1.4 Significance of the study ............................................................ .4

CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................. 6

LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................... 6

2.0 Introduction .......................................................................................6

2.1 Conceptual framework.................................................................. 6

2.2 Causes of conflicts ........................................................................ 7 

2.3 War crimes committed ................................................................. 7

2.3.1 Effects of war crimes on house hold income ................. 11

2.3.2 Ways to increase house hold income ............................... 13

CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................ 15

METHODOLOGY ................................................ ................................. 15

3.0 Introduction .....................................................................................15

3.1 Research design ............................................................. 15 '

3.2 Study population ......................................................................... 15

3.3 Sample framework .................................................................. 15

3.3.1 Sample size ......................................................................... 15

3.3.2 Sample techniques ............................................................. 15

3.3.3 Sample procedure ................................................... 16

3.4 Methods of data collection ................................................... 16

3.4 Data collection ...................................................................... 16 3.4.1 Instruments of data collection ........................................... 16 3.5 Source of data ................................................................. 17

3.6 Data processing ......................................................... 18

3.7 Data analysis ....................................................................... 19

3.8 Ethical consideration ............................................................... .19

3.9 Problem faced during research ............................................. 20

CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................. ... 21

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FIND IN GS ............ ............................................................................... 21

4.0 Introduction ............................................................................. 21

4.1 Socio economic characteristics of the respondents ....... 21

4.1.1 Age of respondents ........................................................... 21

4.1.2 Gender distribution of respondents ................................ 21

4.1.3 Educational level of respondents ........................ 23

4.1.4 Marital status of the respondents .................................. .25

4. 1.5 Occupation of the respondents ......................................... 26

4.2 Causes of the conflict. .......................................... 26

4.3 Effects of War on house hold income ................................. .30

4.4 Possible solutions given by respondents ........................ .34

4.5 Personal experiences .............................................................. .35

CHAPTER FIVE. RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS .............. ....... 38

5.0 Introduction ....................................................................................... 38 5.1 Summary .......................................................................................... 38 5.2 Recommendations ................................................................................ 43 5.2.1 Recommendations for LRA .................................................................. .43 5.2.2 Recommendations for government ......................................................... .43 5.2.3 Recommendations for Uganda institutions ................................................ 46 5.2.4 Recommendations for Sudanese government. ........................................... .46 5.2.5 Recommendations for UN secretary General.. ......................................... .47 5.2.6 Recommendations for UNICEF ............................................................... 47 5.2.6 Recommendations for Canadian government ............................................ .48 5.2.9 Recommendations for ....................................................................... .48 5.3 Areas for further research ..................................................................... .48 5.4 Conclusions ..................................................................................... .49 SELECTED REFERENCES ....................................................................... 51 APPENDICES ...................................................................................... 52 APPENDIX A: QUESTIONNAIRE .......................................................... . 52 APPENDIX B: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR WOMEN AND MEN .............. 56 APPENDIX C: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE FORMER COMBATS .... 57 APPENDIX D: INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR LOCAL COUNCILS AND DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS ................................... .. 58