Many studies on Artisanal Gold Mining have estimated that it employs an estimated 13 Million people worldwide, with another 80 to 100 million people directly or indirectly benefiting. In sub Saharan Africa it is viewed as an economic mainstay activity providing direct employment to over two million people. Artisanal gold mining uses rudimentary processes to extract valuable minerals from primary and secondary ore bodies, and is characterized by the lack of long-term mine planning. In Ken...
ABSTRACT Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice have been a serious public health concern, not only in Nigeria but in the world at large. It have severally been reported that there is low practice and awareness of EBF in Nigeria. I evaluated the variation in the level of knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding between mothers in Yola and those in Fufure IDP camp as well as their perceptions towards its practice. I also assessed the most effective medium of awareness for the knowledge of exclusi...
Table of Contents Content Page Preface i Dedication ii Acknowledgements iii Table Of Contents iv Chapter One: Research plan 1 Introduction 1 Problem of The Research 1 Importance of The Research 1 Objectives of The Research 1 Content ofThe Research 2 Chapter Two: Ionizing Radiation 3 Definition 3 Types of Ionizing Radiation 3 Penetration of Ionizing Radiation 6 Physical Effects 7 Uses 10 Background Radiation 10 Radiation Exposure 10 Occupational Exposure 11 Public Exposure 11 Chapter Three: Ga...
Environmental resources are key in supporting life systems and their destruction can lead to adverse effects on human wellbeing. In the management of environmental resources several intervention measures and strategies have been considered. Among these are the use of the school curriculum to enhance public awareness of the need for environmental preservation and protection. This study seeks to investigate the contribution of secondary school environmental clubs to best environmental managemen...
Pastoralism has been the main livelihood option in Mandera County for many decades, but currently it has faced many challenges due to shortage of pasture arising from land degradation and frequent droughts brought about by climate change. This has caused loss of animals leading to food insecurity, high poverty rates, and a necessity to diversify to other non-livestock livelihoods. This study aimed at identifying, documenting and analyzing the contribution of livelihood options on the soc...
The land in Kiirua, Kibirichia and Ruiri wards of Buuri sub-county in Meru County is fertile and with a high rainfall, this has encouraged a concentration of population and farming leading to deforestation and soil erosion. Agroforestry practices can allow the farmers to grow crops without damaging the vegetation that provides a cover for the soil and also the trees can provide fuel wood, food and timber to the growing population. Despite government and non-governmental organizations eff...
ABSTRACT In order to determine the microbial quality of fruits and vegetables sold in YolaJimeta markets and the efficacy of vinegar in decontaminant, the microbial contaminations of 16 samples of cabbage, carrot, lettuce, and tomato obtained from Yola-Jimeta market was determined before washing, after washing with water, after washing with vinegar and rinsing with water, and after soaking in vinegar for 5 minutes and rinsing with water. A significant reduction in the microbial loads of the ...
ABSTRACT Indoor air pollution (IAP) kills 4 million people worldwide, particularly in developing countries where many people rely heavily on biomass for energy. Globally, 3 billion people use biomass fuel for cooking and heating. Burning biomass emits carbon monoxide (CO) and other pollutants. Hence, IAP is the leading cause of non-communicable diseases in the world. Women and children suffer most of the burden of IAP because they are usually responsible for cooking. In a rural, poor communi...
ABSTRACT This research was conducted in two communities; Dandu and Wuro Chekke, Yola south, Adamawa state. The aim of the study was to investigate the availability of sanitation infrastructures and to find out the relationship between sanitation and health among children in the two rural areas of the state. This was done by conducting interviews and making observation of 50 respondents who were mainly mothers and their environment. The socio-economic status and sanitation practices of the re...
Abstract Biodiesel is a biodegradable, environment friendly, renewable and energy efficiency fuel. It is becoming the most prominent alternative to petro-diesel. Due to current environmental concerns, quality and properties of biodiesel have to be optimized to remove its limitations. The use of oxygenates additives have proved to play such important role. The purpose of this research work was to compare the effects of oxygenates on biodiesel properties such as viscosity, heat content, densit...
ABSTRACT Widely used to study wildlife, camera trapping involves automated devices that record pictures or videos using infrared sensors that detect motion. Camera trapping has greatly improved scientific investigation as it can gather data on rare, cryptic, or nocturnal species. On the American University of Nigeria campus in Adamawa State, northeastern Nigeria, I used camera trapping to determine the presence and distribution of wildlife species and the habitat use of two nocturnal mammals,...
Abstract Organizational Behaviors Management and Functionality Evaluation in Ministry of Urban Planning - Khartoum State The important role played by the organizations' and corporations' which is manifested in products and services they deliver has led to the importance of understanding and studying of the individuals behavior because they represent the basic element of the organizing elements. Since the human element in any organization is the basic and vital element in performing its activ...
ABSTRACT Globally, human-wildlife conflict is increasing due to increased encroachment by human populations into natural habitats. The hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) is often involved in human-wildlife conflict in Africa. This conflict is a major threat to hippos, which are classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN. Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, has a relatively small number of hippos – estimated at 300 individuals. I investigated the perceptions and attitudes of local p...
ABSTRACT Peptic ulcer disease is a disorder in the gastrointestinal tract. It is caused by an increase in stomach acid. There are only a few studies on peptic ulcer disease in Africa. This study was conducted to characterize the lifestyle, wealth, and environmental factors of peptic ulcer patients in the Northeastern Nigeria. The lifestyle factors that were examined were cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. A targeted sampling method was used to sample 52 PUD (n=52) patients at Federal...
ABSTRACT The irrational consumption of water is one of the greatest problem in the world today. Irrigation of agricultural crops with fish effluent is one way to solve this problem. Rather than disposing of effluents gotten from aquaculture; then providing nutrients from fertilizer and irrigation from another source of water. We could use water containing fish effluent to irrigate agricultural crop. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of irrigating with water from fish ponds on...