ABSTRACT Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are infections passed from one person to another during sexual contact though some are also passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth or while breast feeding. STIs constitute an important public health problem. The early detection and treatment of STIs are important aspects of a comprehensive approach to reducing the spread of HIV. Although public-sector services are available even in the most resource-poor countries, they are not acce...
ABSTRACT Community pharmacies are major sources of medicines in most communities in Nigeria. Clients visit community pharmacies to seek help in medication therapy from community pharmacist,who has a professional responsibility to protect the public from the dangers of self medication through provision of adequate medication counselling. It is however not known to what extent community pharmacists fulfil this roles. The aim of this study was to examine the nature, extent and adequacy of medica...
ABSTRACT: Asthma is a chronic disease and often requires complex management. This study was undertaken in four pharmacies–V-Ninat Pharmacy, Videc Chemists, Tomabel Pharmacy and Josbet Chemists, all in Isolo, Lagos, to determine the level of adherence to the anti-asthmatic drugs by asthmatic patients who participated in the study. Data was collected using structured questionnaires administered to patients coming into the pharmacies. The questionnaire was administered during a one-on-one inte...
Diabetes a major degenerative disease of global concern accounts for about 3.2 million deaths annually. Alpha-amylase inhibitors from plants are effective in managing postprandial hyperglycaemia which is significant in Type 2 diabetes. Search for natural anti-oxidants has increased recently because free radicals production has been linked to a number of diseases including diabetes. Anthocleista djalonensis and Anthocleista vogelii are used traditionally in Nigeria and parts of Africa to ...
ABSTRACT Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus constitute major public health issues in modern societies worldwide. They have been linked in several ways. Obesity is involved in the pathologic process that culminates in the development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of obesity in known type 2 diabetic patients and also to determine the presence of comorbidities associated with these two conditions. The study was carried out at Lagos University Teaching ho...
Abstract The compressional characteristics and tableting properties of starches from four yam species namely Dioscorea dumetorum Pax (Bitter); Dioscorea oppositifolia L (Chinese); Dioscorea alata L.DIAL2 (Water) and Dioscorea rotundata Poir (White) were investigated in comparison with corn starch. The physicochemical properties of the starches were evaluated using established methods while the compressional characteristics were analyzed using density measurements, and the Heckel and Kawakita ...
ABSTRACT As chloroquine and ciprofloxacin each possess substantial inhibitory activity against the schizonts of Plasmodium falciparum, it seems possible that a combination of the two drugs may be clinically useful. The effects on the erythrocytic stages of P. falciparum of combined treatment with chloroquine and ciprofloxacin were therefore evaluated in vitro, using the World Health Organization’s standardized micro test. When used alone, the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of chloro...
ABSTRACT Infectious diseases and the associated inflammation pose a serious health problem worldwide, accounting for about 50% of all deaths in tropical countries. This is further complicated by the frequent development of bacterial resistance to many chemotherapeutic agents. These problems have necessitated the continuous search for new and effective drugs from plant materials. Thus, Ficus thonningii Blume (Moraceae), a plant used ethnomedicinally in West Africa for the treatment of some mi...
ABSTRACT Prescribing errors, particularly in the medical and paediatric specialties have been reported globally to affect up to 52.0% of hospitalized patients with potential to cause harm. Prescribing errors have however not been adequately investigated in Nigeria. This study was designed to carry out an in-depth evaluation of the nature, severity and causes of prescribing errors in three purposively selected tertiary hospitals in Nigeria with a view to providing pharmacist-led evidence-base...
ABSTRACT Drug-use pattern of anti-malarial has been associated with development of resistant strain and therapeutic failure. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to assess anti-malarial drug-use practices among dwellers of Adigbe communities within Abeokuta environment. The study documented the knowledge, the attitude and behaviour of three hundred and fifty (350) respondents in terms of drug preference, attitude to drug use and the effects of non-compliance to antimalarial...
ABSTRACT Aframomum danielli and Aframomum sceptrum (Zingiberaceae) have been studied in this research project for their phytochemical constituents, thin layer chromatographic analysis and insecticidal potentials. Phytochemical examination of the dried fruits showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, tannins and flavonoids. Saponin glycosides, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinone glycosides and cyanogenetic glycosides were absent in both plant species. The chromatog...
Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the Perception and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) among the undergraduate Students of Delta State University (DELSU), Abraka.-Nigeria. Methods: Self- administered questionnaires were distributed randomly to the participants. Result: Out of 450 students that voluntarily participated in the study, 368 (81.78%) had used or were currently using at least one of the various CAM modalities; Family members (282, 37.15%) appea...
This research project studied the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Dialium guineense Willd (Fabaceae) on oral glucose tolerance in mice and alloxan-induced diabetic female rats. The ethanolic leaf extract was prepared by marcerating 500g of the dried, milled leaves of D. guineense in 3L of 96% ethanol in a suitable sized plastic bucket/bowl (with cover) for five days with intermittent stirring (at least once a day) using a glass rod. Then the extract was filtered using Whatsman No.1 fil...
As the computer becomes more and more powerful, its uses and abilities grow. Scientists have been able to harness this power in to assist them in their goals of researching and developing drugs for human use. Computers can be found in nearly every drug research laboratory and development center in the world.