ABSTRACT Current methods for discriminating cataractous lenses from healthy lenses during preclinical studies are based on either histopathological or clinical assessments which are weakened by subjectivity. In this work, four optical spectroscopic techniques: slit lamp microscopy, multispectral imaging (MSI), Laser-induced auto fluorescence (LIAF) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to study and characterize cataractous as well a...
ABSTRACT This thesis is concerned with the qualitative properties of solutions of neutral functional differential equations, neutral functional difference equations and dynamic equations on time scale. Some of the equations are of the first and second order whereas some are systems of equations. All these equations are delay equations with constant or variable delays. Fixed point theory is used extensively in this thesis to investigate the qualitative properties of solutions of neutral delay ...
ABSTRACT The backbone of urban activities is the urban transportation network. The transportation network of an urban area is usually designed to accommodate the transportation activities of urban people. With growing population and diversified land-use activities, transportation system needs to be updated or readjusted. Any lag between growing transportation demand and network capacity results in traffic congestion thereby causing economic, social and financial loss and environmental degrad...
ABSTRACT In this work, three optical techniques: spectral imaging, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and spectrophotometry were used to study and characterize uninfected red blood cells (RBCs) (u-RBCs) and P.falciparum infected RBCs (i-RBCs). Unstained blood smear slides were prepared from blood samples of volunteers who were tested positive for P.falciparum infections (i-blood) and after treatment (u-blood). Optical characteristics of the i-RBCs in spectral images, captured in reflection, sca...
ABSTRACT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and deltamethrin are insecticides frequently used in malaria vector control interventions in Africa. Resistance to these insecticides has emerged in the malaria vector, Anopheles. However, the assortment of two genetic mechanisms, 2La inversion and the polymorphism of microsatellite loci, have also been associated with insecticide resistance in Anopheles populations in several countries with limited studies on these resistance mechanisms in Nige...
ABSTRACT Binary liquid alloys have found wide applications in electronics, communications, automotive and aerospace technologies. The development of new alloys and improvement of existing ones require accurate knowledge of thermodynamic variables of the constituent systems which may not be obtainable experimentally. Hence, there is always the need for theoretical investigation to complement experiment. This study was aimed at theoretical determination of the thermodynamic properties of nine ...
ABSTRACT The possible influence of aflatoxin a potent hepatocellular carcinogen on the regulation of intracellular Ca^+ homeostasis has been studied using the red cell as a model. Preliminary work on the interaction of the toxin with the red cell membrane using spectrofluometric analysis indicated that the toxin binds spontaneously and irreversibly to the red cell membrane. The binding is highest at pH 4 and least at pH 10. Results obtained from studies using equilibrum dialysis technique sh...
The ground and excited state properties of naphthalene and some of its derivatives have been studied. The molecular orbitals were evaluated using the modified Huckel Molecular Orbital (HMO) theory and the calculated molecular properties such as dipole moments, electronic transition frequencies, have been compared with experimental values. The electronic absorption spectra of some of ktheir band systems and characteristics, solvent polarity effects and hydrogen bonding effects. The�...
ABSTRACT A geochemical study of Nkalagu limestone of the Lower Benue Trough as exposed at Nigeria Cement Company (NIGERCEM) was carried out. The study aims at the determination of major oxides and trace elements of the limestone exposed in the quarry using X–Ray Fluorescence Spectrophotometer (XRF) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) respectively as well as reconstructing the depositional history of the deposit. Petrographic study was also done to enhance the determination of biog...
Abstract The quantity as well as the quantity of clean water supply is of vital significance to the welfare of mankind particularly in the developing countries. Therefore, knowing the concentration of heavy metals present in Dams can help us to ascertain the health safety of the populace using the water for drinking and domestic purposes. Ten Dams at Oyo State in the Southwestern Nigeria were studied for the heavy metals concentration contained in the sediments and water of the selected Dams....
ABSTRACT The effects of the liver tumour promoter, dicophane, with those of low protein intake (LPI) 2+ on the functional expression of rat liver microsomal Ca -ATPase were compared. The effects of dicophane and LPI on the activity of the microsomal enzyme after carcinogenic initiation by pretreatment with aflatoxin B (AFB ), a genotoxic liver carcinogen, were also 1 2+ compared. The Status of membrane - bound Ca -ATPase of erythrocytes of humans having primary liver cancer (PLC) and kwashior...
Abstract Metallothionein-1 (MT-1), cytochrome P450-2A (CYP2a) and other genes are involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics such as heavy metals and toxins. Changes in their expression precede overt toxic effects and can serve as a marker for exposure to pollutants. We used a mouse experimental system and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to determine changes in gene expression and the direction of change, in response to exposure to lead acetate (LA) and waste ...
ABSTRACT Use of open land as dump sites by the manufacturing industries in developing countries without appropriate prevention of environmental hazards has resulted in prominent levels of waste and disposal effluents. This has resulted in the contamination of soil and the exposure of human populations to environmental and health hazards. This study focused on the investigation of soil contamination by heavy metals via waste disposal of a lead battery factory in Lalupon, Oyo State, Nigeria. Co...
ABSTRACT Researches have shown that dried cassava varieties are relatively susceptible to Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) infestation. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine weight loss and nutritional status of dried cassava chips (TME-7) and P. truncatus emergence rate over an infestation period of 8 weeks. TME-7 mean weight loss (±SD) rose to 11.30% ± 4.01 (22.67%) with P. truncatus mean emergence rate (± SD) of 18.50 ± 8.25; 16.33 ± 6.85 and 9.93 ± 3.30 for larvae, pupae and a...
Abstract Possible control of Oryzaephilus surinamensis infestation on date palm (Phoenix dactyliferai using oil palm inflorescence ash and hermetic storage technique combined with Oil Palm Inflorescence Ash (OPIA) treatment were conducted in the Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. Relative efficacy of oil palm inflorescence ash at 0.625 g 125 g and 1.25 g 125 g and 3 bags layer hermetic storage technique combined with oil palm inflorescence...