ABSTRACT Malaria, a disease caused by Plasmodium species is currently the main cause of human sickness and death in the world, more so in the tropics. It mostly affects pregnant mothers and children below five years of age. The parasites develop resistance to antiplasmodial drugs and this has been a challenge in control and treatment of the disease through chemotherapy, something that necessitates the continuous search for alternative antiplasmodial agents. The use of plants to treat malaria ...
ABSTRACT The search for materials for purification of polluted water is growing daily with the advent of nanoparticles. This is particularly important because many populations of people in the developing countries lack clean water due to water pollution. Water pollutants such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to have adverse effects on humans and environment. This work investigated the potential of synthesized magnetoresponsive CNT-polysulfone infused polym...
ABSTRACT Background: The pneumococcus is carried as a normal flora of the upper respiratory tract and carriage is the precursor for development of pneumococcal disease, and is also responsible for pneumococcal transmission from person-to-person. HIV positive children have about forty times greater risk of invasive pneumococcal disease compared to healthy children. In Africa, little is known about the pneumococcus in relation to people with HIV infection. Aim: The aim of the study was to inv...
ABSTRACT Background: Data on the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) within correctional facilities is limited in Ghana, even though the prevalence suggests intra-prison transmission. Aim: This study determined the level of transmissibility, new infections, and intraprison transmission of HBV among inmates in Ghana Methodology: Immunoglobulin M antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgM) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were determined for 323 archived plasma samples obtaine...
ABSTRACT Despite intensive worldwide attempt to control malaria, it remains one of the most fatal and widespread protozoan infection of mankind. About 2.4 billon people inhabit malaria prone regions which is about forty percentage of the world population. Prompt accurate, diagnosis and treatment is important to avert suffering of malaria patients. Malaria infection is a serious global challenge in the affected countries. The rapid diagnosis tests of malaria are recent diagnostic techniques wh...
ABSTRACT Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most studied metal nanoparticles due to their ever growing range of applications in areas such as chemical sensing, nanomedicine and electronics which has led to their increased demand. The AgNPs synthesis involves the use of hazardous reagents and toxic solvents. There is need to develop methods AgNPs that use environmentally benign reagents and solvents. This research work reports a green method where AgNPs were synthesized using silver nitrate...
ABSTRACT The quality of palm oil depends on the method of extraction. Mechanized methods of extracting palm oil result in better oil quality. In Ghana over 80% of palm oil is produced by small scale processors whose lack of mechanization results in poor oil quality. A study conducted in 2011 resulted in the development of an improved traditional process (ITP) to augment the quality of palm oil from the small scale. This study sought to compare palm oils from different processing scales to IT...
ABSTRACT Background radiation from natural sources is the major source of external dose in our environment. The major radionuclides responsible for this are 40K, 232Th, 238U and their products of decay. Beach sands are weathering resistant residuals of geological formations which gets to the beach by erosion from mainland or deposition through waves and current action from the ocean. Waves wash back lighter grains leaving behind heavy ones which may be rich in minerals such as zircon, ilmenit...
ABSTRACT Mean glandular dose assessment of patients undergoing digital mammography examination has been done. A total of 297 patient data was used for the study. Basic Quality Control tests were done to ascertain the performance of the equipment used. The results of Quality Control tests indicated that the three Mammography units used for this study were functioning within the internationally acceptable performance criteria. Patients with a breast thickness of 30 mm within the two age groups...
ABSTRACT Routine inspections are conducted at various food establishments that yield large data sets, which capture attributes useful for data mining algorithms to predict critical violations. Critical violations related to food establishments cause serious public health problems, which may happen as result of unhygienic environment, leading to food contamination. This study presents predictive models to detect critical violations in food establishments by employing Logistic Regression (LR),...
ABSTRACT The use of telecobalt machine in radiotherapy is of concern in developing countries where there is a limited resource. As such, the study was to ascertain if telecobalt (cobalt60) machine could be feasible to generate and deliver treatment plans with optimal treatment indices comparable to those of a linear accelerator (Linac). Retrospective DICOM-Radiotherapy images of patients earmarked for treatment of breast, prostate and lung cancer obtained from the European Society for Radiot...
ABSTRACT Many are the challenges facing Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. These challenges include insufficient resources in terms of vehicles (the ambulance itself), limited staff and equipment, poor communication and transportation network, just to mention a few. As a result, people resort to private and public transport (Taxis) in times of emergency health situations. It is however not certain that these public and private vehicles emplo...
ABSTRACT Specific and sensitive tests for the detection and typing of rotavirus strains are essential for a more assessment of the epidemiology of rotaviral infection in a community. In this study, 200 stool specimens obtained from October, 1999 to March, 2000 from neonates at the Babies Unit of the Korle-Bu teaching and Legon Hospitals were examined. Group A rotavirus was detected in 30% and Non-group A in 2.5% of the samples tested by either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for th...
ABSTRACT Lake Bosumtwi is an important natural inland freshwater meteorite crater lake due to its scientific and socio-economic importance to both local and international communities. Although groundwater has been the main source of water supply for people living around the lake and visitors/tourists, very little work has been conducted with regard to the quality of the groundwater delivered by the aquifers within the lake basin. These aquifers are made up of the metasediments of the Birimia...
ABSTRACT Background: Diarrhoea remains an important public health problem and is the second leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children throughout the world, especially in developing countries. In Ghana, diarrhoea is the third common cause of hospital attendance of young children. It is responsible for 13.1% of hospitalizations among these children and an annual average of 5, 193 deaths in children under 5 years of age. Bacterial enteropathogenic agents of diarrhoea and mechanisms r...