Pharmacology Research Papers/Topics

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COMMON MULLEIN (Verbascum thapsus L.) ROOT, LEAF AND FRUIT EXTRACTS

Abstract: ommon mullein, also known as Wooly Mullein (Verbascum thapsus L., Scrophulariaceae) has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times. The aim of the present study was to investigate qualitative screening of major phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of common mullein (Verbascum thapsus L.) root, leaf and fruit methanolic extracts. The qualitative analyses of major phytochemicals were tested for tannins, phlobatannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, termenoids and alkaloi...

USE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS BY PEOPLE OF KURFA CHELE WOREDA, EAST HARARGHE ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA

Abstract: The study of indigenous knowledge on utilization of native plants as source of medicine is important to conserve useful plants and preserve indigenous knowledge for next generation. This study documents indigenous medicinal plant utilization and factors contributing to the dwindling of native plants and indigenous knowledge. The study was undertaken in Kurfa Chele Woreda, East Hararghe Zone Oromia Region, and Ethiopia. Fifty respondents (10 key informants (traditional healers) and ...

ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTSOF TOP PRIORITY WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES USED BY THE COMMUNITY IN GEDEB HASASA DISTRICT, WEST ARSI ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA

Abstract: Ethiopia has rich flora with different plant species having use in health care system based on local indigenous knowledge. However, the documented ethnomedicinal plants information was lacking in Gedeb Hasasa district. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify, document and evaluate the antifungal activities of extracts of some selected plant species prescribed by traditional healers in study area.A total of 60 (48 males and 12 females) informants were selected as recommended by...

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst SEED AND LEAF EXTRACTS

Abstract: Marula (Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.)Hochst.)is often referred to as the “tree of life “since its leaves, stem barks, roots, and fruits are used as food and traditional medicine. The present study is undertaken to investigate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of S. birrea leaf and seed extracts. Qualitative analysis of major secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids of the S. b...

PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF Carca papaya L. LEAF ETRACT ON SELECTED HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

Abstract: In the different parts of Ethiopia Carica papaya is widely used for nutritional purpose and traditionally used to treat disease. The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the major secondary compounds of C. papaya and to evaluate antimicrobial properties of its leaf extract against S. aureus and E. coli. The leaf of C. papaya was shade dried, ground to powders, and extracted by using distilled water and ethanol. Total phenolic, alkaloids and terpenoids in the resulting ex...

EFFECT OF GARLIC, GINGER AND THEIR COMBINATION AS FEED ADDITIVES ON FEED INTAKE, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, HEMATOLOGY, SERUM AND ECONOMICS OF BROILERS

Abstract: The present investigation was conducted to determine the impact of the dietary addition of garlic and ginger as natural feed additives on feed intake, productive performance, carcass characteristics, hematology and serum biochemistry, economic efficiency, and mortality of broilers. A total of one hundred and ninety-two day old, unsexed (cobb-500) broiler were randomly divided into four experimental groups with three replication per treatment which consisted 16 birds. The birds were...

Metallo-Drugs as promising antibacterial agents and their modes of action

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance has been a growing worldwide public health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the search for new antibiotics is slow, while antibiotic resistance is growing. WHO has also declared that antibiotic resistance is one of the top 10 global public health threats facing humanity in the 21st century. Therefore, this review discusses the potential of metal-based drugs as antibacterial agents from the period of the early 2000s to date. The review...

Synthesis of mixed ligand ruthenium (II/III) complexes and their antibacterial evaluation on drug-resistant bacterial organisms

Abstract: The potential antimicrobial properties of a tridentate polypyridyl ligand 4-butoxy-N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)aniline (BUT) 1 and its corresponding mixed ligand ruthenium complexes were investigated on drug-resistant and non-drug-resistant bacterial species. The ligand and its complexes were synthesized and successfully characterized by 1H NMR, UV/Vis, and FTIR spectra; ESI-MS; and magnetic susceptibility. Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility of these Ru(II)/(III) complex...

Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of Albizia anthelmintica as a medicinal plant on pathogenic veterinary isolates

Abstract: Albizia anthelmintica is a medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is widely used by smallholder farmers and pastoralists to treat internal parasites in their livestock.This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant potential of A. anthelmintica on pathogenic veterinary isolates. 100% hexane (He100), 100% chloroform (Ch100), 100% ethanol (E100), and 70% ethanol (E70) extracts of the roots and barks of A. anthelmintica were tested against four bacterial...

Myrothamnus flabellifolius attenuates streptozotocin-high energy diet-induced type 2 diabetes in male sprague dawley rats

Abstract: Several medicinal plants have anti-diabetic properties and can be considered as an alternative therapy because of their actions which are like those of conventional antidiabetic drugs. In this study, we investigated Myrothamnus flabellifolius (MF) ethanol: water (70:30) extract for its possible anti-diabetic potential in streptozotocin-high energy diet (STZ-HED) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and its possible mechanisms of action. Diabetic rats were divided into MF-50...

A Randomized Trial to Monitor the Efficacy and Effectiveness by QT-NASBA of Artemether-lumefantrine versus Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for Treatment and Transmission Control of Uncomplicat

Abstract: Background: Many countries have implemented artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for the first-line treatment of malaria. Although many studies have been performed on efficacy and tolerability of the combination arthemeter-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP), less is known of the effect of these drugs on gametocyte development, which is an important issue in malaria control. Methods and results: In this two-arm randomized controlled trial, 146 children ...

Efficacy of Single-Dose Primaquine With Artemisinin Combination Therapy on Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes and Transmission: An Individual Patient Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Background. Since the World Health Organization recommended single low-dose (0.25 mg/kg) primaquine (PQ) in combination with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in areas of low transmission or artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, several single-site studies have been conducted to assess efficacy. Methods. An individual patient meta-analysis to assess gametocytocidal and transmission-blocking efficacy of PQ in combination with different ACTs was conducted. Random ...

The effects of crude propolis, its volatiles andethanolic extracts on the ecto-parasitic mite,Varroa destructorand health of the Africansavannah honey bee,Apis mellifera scutellata

Abstract: Propolis is a hive product composed of biologically active plant resins, and has been shown toenhance individual honey bee (Apis melliferaL.) health. Propolis has also been demonstratedto mitigate, in part, the negative effects caused by the ecto-parasitic miteVarroa destructorand its associated viruses on the health of managed European honey bee colonies.However, its effect on the health status of African honey bees remains largely unknown.Here, we found that the African savannah ...

Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Aminomethyl Derivatives of 2 Naphthol

ABSTRACT The usefulness of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the management of rheumatoid diseases cannot be over-emphasized. As this disease is characterized by chronic inflammation, it is usual to test compounds for anti-inflammatory activity in animals and then hope that the active ones should be clinically useful as anti-rheumatic drugs, From the literature, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents have covered a wide range of chemical structures aryl acetic, aryl-propionic, arylbu...

Anti Inflammatory Activity of the Fatty Seed Extract of Vitellaria Paradoxa (Sapotaceae)

ABSTRACT  Fatty seed extracts of Vitellaria paradoxa (Sapotaceae), an indigenous plant of West Africa is a popular remedy for arthritis and swellings. This study investigated the knowledge, prevalence and pattern of use of the fatty extract also known as shea butter in clinically diagnosed arthritic patients as well as its effects on acute (topical and systemic) and chronic inflammation in rodents. The knowledge, prevalence and pattern of use were determined using pretested questionnaire in ...


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