ABSTRACT Tsetse flies (Glossina sp) are the vector of African trypanosomes, the causative agents of sleeping sickness in man and Nagana in cattle. The insect is strictly hematophagous, taking in significantly high quantities of water during bloodmeals that present a considerable osmotic challenge. This necessitates machinery for eliminating excess water. One potential candidate is a group of membrane channel proteins called aquaporins (AQPs) that are responsible for the movement of water acr...
ABSTRACT Food insecurity remains a major problem in poor households, and its implications worsen in disease states including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS. More than 10 million Kenyans are chronically food insecure and 1.6 million have HIV. A synergistic relationship exists between food insecurity, HIV, and AIDS. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS cause an imbalance of the four fundamental elements of food security: food access, availability, utilization, and stability. Ther...
ABSTRACT The presence of toxic metals such as lead and Cadmium in the environment has been a source of worry to environmentalists, government agencies and health practitioners. This is mainly due to their health implications since they are non-essential metals. Heavy metals are associated with various soil components in various ways and the various associations can determine the reactivity, mobility and bioavailability of the metals. The primary objective of the present study was to determine...
ABSTRACT The World Health Organization estimated annual global malaria mortality to be at 405,000 deaths in 2018 making malaria one of the most important diseases in the world. In Kenya, malaria control measures have been put up, however, the ongoing climate change and climatic variability is proving to be a great challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of climatic variability and malaria control interventions on malaria parasite prevalence and vector abundance in west...
ABSTRACT Infectious diseases account for approximately one-half of all deaths in tropical countries. In industrialized nations, despite the progress made in understanding of microbiology and their pathogenic control, incidences of epidemics due to drug resistant micro-organisms and the emergence of hitherto unknown disease causing microbes, pose enormous public health concerns. Thus, there is need to continue the search for appropriate drugs for anti-microbial treatment without much drawback...
ABSTRACT The analysis of cellophane sheet as a phase retarder is reported. Several cellophane sheets were tested for birefringence and compared with a purpose built half wave plate (HWP). A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to generate interference patterns when the cellophane sheet was half-way mounted on one arm of the interferometer. Analysis of the interferograms revealed a clear phase shift which was calculated to be 0.98π. The fast axis was determined to be along the length of the c...
ABSTRACT The concept of cycle index was first discovered by Howard Redfield in 1927. The cycle index formulas of various group actions have been computed since then by various authors. The formulas have been used to count graphs in mathematics and chemical compounds in chemistry. Therefore cycle index is a very useful tool in enumeration. It is widely applied in other fields of study like biology and jewelry industry. The cycle index of the symmetric group acting on ordered pairs, triples an...
ABSTRACT Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a fruit commercially grown worldwide. Its production is affected by anthracnose disease which causes huge loss of avocado fruits both at farm level and in storage. Management of anthracnose disease worldwide has been mainly through use of fungicides. In Kenya, farmers use fungicides such as bayleton, milraz and Copper oxychloride which are not registered for controlling anthracnose in avocado. Despite this, the disease has continued to cause signif...
ABSTRACT GeoGebra is a free computer application software that provides an algebra view, geometry view, spreadsheet view and an input bar. This study looked at if and how this resource can be used to enhance the teaching of Geometry in secondary schools in Kajiado County in Kenya. The objectives of this study were to assess the applicability of GeoGebra in the teaching of mathematics in secondary schools in Kenya. The relationship in performance of students taught with the help of this innov...
ABSTRACT The water quality used for irrigation is essential for the yield and quantity of crops, maintenance of soil productivity, and protection of the environment. Irrigation water quality has a profound effect on soil and plant health. A major concern with water used for irrigation is decreased crop yields and land degradation as a result of poor water and soil management which lead to irrigation induced problems, such as salinity and water-logging capacity. The Rusurirwamujyinga rice irri...
Abstract Background : Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. Vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system, and its deficiency has been implicated in various skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Objectives: The aim of this study wasto evaluate the serum 25 hydoxy vitamin D levels among patients with acne vulgaris . Methods: This study was a cross sectional case control hospital base study performed in Khartoum state at military Hospit...
Abstract The objectives of this study were both to develop, optimize and validate spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods for the analysis of amlodipine besylate and esomeprazole magnesium in pharmaceutical formulations in presence of their degradation products and to study their stability under various conditions. The spectrophotometric method for amlodipine was based on either its solubility enhancement using different hydrotropic agents including potassium acetate, ammonium acetate...
Abstract The focus of the researchis to investigate the advantages of biomass as an alternative energysource to prevent or reduce the additional emissions of greenhouse gases; that is released from the conventional fuels combustion. A studyalso put a spot of light on the potentialof different sources which can produce good amount of biomass as fuelfeed stock.It is clear that biomass can be used as an alternative source of energy if the mentioned recommendations are done.
ABSTRACT The issue of water contamination and quality dilapidation in Kenya is more and more becoming a menace to the natural water resources due to modern methods of farming and industrialization which have resulted in water pollution especially in rivers. River Nyamasogota provides water for growing crops and for domestic purposes. The river passes through the areas that have many tea farms where fertilizers are heavily used and hence polluted by inorganic, organic and microbial substances....
ABSTRACT This research project was to investigate the information literacy collaboration challenges in JKUAT library. Information literacy (IL) is a critical pillar in all libraries. It ensures optimal usage of all forms of information resources acquired. It demands collaboration between the library, teaching departments, administrators as well as users to achieve its purpose. The challenge is that this IL partnership is often missing in many information centers. This investigation was t...