Abstract Diisopropyl ether (DIPE) was synthesised in a single step from a feed of propylene and water over Amberlyst 15 ion exchange resin catalyst. It was produced in a trickle bed reactor at pressures between 1 bar and 60 bar, at temperatures between 70°C and 160°C and at overall propylene to water ratios between 1 : 5 and 10 : 1. Reaction proceeded in the liquid phase within the catalyst particles. The only reactions that occurred in the system were the hydration of propylene to form is...
ABSTRACT The church is supposed to be a vehicle for crusading and enhancing peace, yet the occurrence of conflicts within the Kenyan church has become a regular occurrence. Efforts have been made to ensure that these conflicts are resolved and part of the strategies is the utilization of pastoral counselling as a way of managing conflicts in the church. However, the effectiveness of the pastoral counselling utilized has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate how p...
ABSTRACT Among the peoples of Kenya, there has been a cultural and religious revival and all means are being sought to propagate it. In certain circles, there is even a revival of ethnic rites, religious rituals and customs, and there are national efforts to preserve and take pride in ethnic cultures. Councils of elders are being treated with respect and honour as custodians of these cultures and religious beliefs. Generally, there has been a resilience of African Traditional Religion (ATR) a...
Abstract This investigation was undertaken to find the optimum hydraulic fluids and materials for combating cavitation erosion in hydraulic mining machinery operating,on 5:95 oil-in-water emulsions, Controlled cavitation was generated in the laboratory in a vibratory cavitation apparatus employing the stationery specimen system. The influence of separation distance between the drill tip and specimen and of varying medium temperature on cavitation erosion were also investigated but were of sec...
ABSTRACT Replacement of native vegetation by exotic species of higher economic value has a potential ecological impact on detritus-based stream ecosystems. Litter processing and metabolism in streams can be used as an indicator of the functional status of streams. This study was conducted in the upper Mara catchment with a sole objective of determining the effect of land use change on leaf litter decay and metabolism in six first order streams namely: Sambambwet, Mosoriot and Chepkosiom that ...
Abstract Asset pricing models are well established and have been used extensively by practitioners both for pricing options as well as for hedging them. Though Black-Scholes is the original and most commonly communicated asset pricing model, alternative asset pricing models which incorporate additional features have since been developed. We present three asset pricing models here - the Black-Scholes model, the Heston model and the Merton (1976) model. For each asset pricing model we test the...
ABSTRACT Among the peoples of Kenya, there has been a cultural and religious revival and all means are being sought to propagate it. In certain circles, there is even a revival of ethnic rites, religious rituals and customs, and there are national efforts to preserve and take pride in ethnic cultures. Councils of elders are being treated with respect and honour as custodians of these cultures and religious beliefs. Generally, there has been a resilience of African Traditional Religion (ATR) a...
Abstract This study analyses the level of student engagement at youth skills development organisations which are situated in low-income, high-stress communities. It asks the following questions: What motivates youth to be engaged in their learning environments? What are youths reporting on experiencing while in the learning environment? How might we use this data to help us develop the skills of the youth better? Through capturing a day in the life of youth from a cognitive, emotional and co...
Abstract This research looks to understand the role digital media plays to inspire and sustain sports participation and how digital media could be used as a socially inclusive tool. The study explores if strategically packaged digital media could be used in a socially inclusive way to increase or sustain sports participation. This would address one of the problems facing sports organisations, as sports participation is decreasing or at least stagnating both in South Africa and on a global sca...
ABSTRACT Health problems as a result of changes in health practices of the people and changes in the environment have been and are an issue of concern. While numerous efforts have been undertaken to curb these health problems, little attention has been given to the role which Indigenous education can play in fostering health practices. This has led to gradual abandonment and even extinction of some of the traditional health practices which have been shown to have promoted health. This study ...
ABSTRACT This study examined the extent to which the local community participated in wildlife conservation in Amboseli Ecosystem guided by three objectives: to examine the effect of land tenure and land use systems on community participation in wildlife conservation; to assess the implication of wildlife policies and legal framework on community participation in wildlife conservation; and to identify incentives for enhanced community participation and securing more space for wildlife conserva...
ABSTRACT Lack of clear channels for students to air their grievances has given rise to persistent writing of graffiti in public secondary schools in Baringo Central Sub-County, as a way of communicating their issues. Analysis of these graffiti can be an opportunity to understand the students with the aim of assisting them understand the issues they communicate and deal with them appropriately. The study described the types of graffiti, analyzed the linguistic forms and interpreted the themati...
Abstract Two sites in Table Bay, South Africa, were examined for stranded debris between October and December 1994. One beach (Milnerton) is a popular recreation area in the metropolitan area whereas the other (Koeberg) is closed to public access. Daily and weekly accumulation rates were measured for both sites. A total of 40 041 items were collected, of which 81.7 % was plastic. Half of this was styrofoam. The maj ority of the debris was related to floating recreational litter, packaging mat...
ABSTRACT The Pentecostal Assemblies of God (PAG) Church has been in Nyamira County for almost a century today, just like the other major denominations found in the County. However, when compared with the other denominations in the county, more especially Seventh Day Adventists and Roman Catholics, PAG has performed poorly in the development of education. In spite of this, there has not been any systematic investigation and documentation of the reasons for this situation. The objectives of th...
Abstract The crystal structures or a number of molecular complexes formed by 4a4'•din1trodiphenyl with various diphenyl derivatives are described. The general type of structure is undoubtedly the same tor all the complexes examined and the typical arrangement may be taken as that in the complex of 4·z4 1 .. dinitrodiphenyl with 4-hydroxydiphenyl, the structure of which has been tully determined. As shown 1n fig. 7 the dinitrodiphenyl molecules form layers in face•centred array and lie on...